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Some of the few practical uses of radium are derived from its radioactive properties. More recently discovered radioisotopes, such as cobalt-60 and caesium-137, are replacing radium in even these limited uses because several of these isotopes are more powerful emitters, safer to handle, and available in more concentrated form. [77]
The radium fad or radium craze of the early 20th century was an early form of radioactive quackery that resulted in widespread marketing of radium-infused products as being beneficial to health. [1] Many radium products contained no actual radium, in part because it was prohibitively expensive, which turned out to be a grace, as high levels of ...
Rhodium has numerous meta states, the most stable being 102m Rh (0.141 MeV) with a half-life of about 2.9 years and 101m Rh (0.157 MeV) with a half-life of 4.34 days (see isotopes of rhodium). [ 31 ] In isotopes weighing less than 103 (the stable isotope), the primary decay mode is electron capture and the primary decay product is ruthenium .
Radium, like radon, is radioactive and is found in small quantities in nature and is hazardous to life if radiation exceeds 20-50 mSv/year. Radium is a decay product of uranium and thorium. [2] Radium may also be released into the environment by human activity: for example, in improperly discarded products painted with radioluminescent paint.
Although old radium dials generally no longer produce light, this is due to the breakdown of the crystal structure of the luminous zinc sulfide rather than the radioactive decay of the radium. The radium isotope (226 Ra) used has a half-life of about 1,600 years, [7] so radium dials remain essentially just as radioactive as when originally ...
) has had a number of uses. In the early 20th century, when the hazards of radiation were not well-known, radium was commonly used in consumer items such as toothpaste and hair creams. Radium was also formerly used as a radiation source for cancer treatment, but has since been replaced in this role by safer and more easily available ...
People looking to save money for a big trip or financial investment may want to make plans around an "extra" paycheck in their pocket.. Employees who get paid on a biweekly basis (every other week ...
Nuclear spectroscopy are methods that use the nucleus to obtain information of the local structure in matter. Important methods are NMR (see below), Mössbauer spectroscopy and Perturbed angular correlation. These methods use the interaction of the hyperfine field with the nucleus' spin. The field can be magnetic or/and electric and are created ...