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p53, also known as Tumor protein P53, cellular tumor antigen p53 (UniProt name), or transformation-related protein 53 (TRP53) is a regulatory protein that is often mutated in human cancers. The p53 proteins (originally thought to be, and often spoken of as, a single protein) are crucial in vertebrates , where they prevent cancer formation. [ 5 ]
The p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA) also known as Bcl-2-binding component 3 (BBC3), is a pro-apoptotic protein, member of the Bcl-2 protein family. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] In humans, the Bcl-2-binding component 3 protein is encoded by the BBC3 gene .
And lastly it must activate procaspase-9 in its functional form. The formation of this complex is the point of no return, and apoptosis will occur. The stable APAF-1 and cytochrome multimeric complex fit this description, and is now called the apoptosome. [7] The apoptosome was thought to be a multimeric complex for two reasons. Firstly, to ...
When there is too much damage, apoptosis is triggered in order to protect the organism from potentially harmful cells.7 p53, also known as a tumor suppressor gene, is a major regulatory protein in the DNA damage response system which binds directly to the promoters of its target genes. p53 acts primarily at the G1 checkpoint (controlling the G1 ...
Apoptosis (from Ancient Greek: ἀπόπτωσις, romanized: apóptōsis, lit. 'falling off') is a form of programmed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms and in some eukaryotic, single-celled microorganisms such as yeast. [1] Biochemical events lead to characteristic cell changes and death. [2]
The p53 p63 p73 family is a family of tumor suppressor genes. [1] [2] This gene family codes the proteins: p53; TP73L (also known as "p63") p73; They are sometimes considered part of a "p53 family." When overexpressed, these proteins are known to be involved in tumor pathogenesis. [3]
P53, a transcription factor, can bind two sites within the human TIGAR gene to activate expression. [9] [13] One site is found within the first intron, and binds p53 with high affinity. [9] [13] The second is found just prior to the first exon, binds p53 with low affinity, [9] [13] and is conserved between mice and humans. [9]
Apoptosis-stimulating of p53 protein 2 (ASPP2) also known as Bcl2-binding protein (Bbp) and tumor suppressor p53-binding protein 2 (p53BP2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TP53BP2 gene. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ] Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.