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A negotiable instrument is a document guaranteeing the payment of a specific ... is a negotiable instrument and a check. ... it contains a conspicuous statement ...
A substitute check (also called an Image Replacement Document or IRD) [1] is a negotiable instrument that is a digital reproduction of an original paper check.As a negotiable payment instrument in the United States, a substitute check maintains the status of a "legal check" in lieu of the original paper check.
A substitute check or cheque, also called an image cash letter (ICL), clearing replacement document (CRD), [1] or image replacement document (IRD), [2] is a negotiable instrument used in electronic banking systems to represent a physical paper cheque (check).
In the United States, cheques are referred to as checks and are governed by Article 3 of the Uniform Commercial Code, under the rubric of negotiable instruments. [83] An order check—the most common form in the US—is payable only to the named payee or endorsee, as it usually contains the language "Pay to the order of (name)".
The Check 21 Act took effect one year later on October 28, 2004. The law allows the recipient of a paper check to create a digital version of the original, a process known as check truncation, into an electronic format called a "substitute check", thereby eliminating the need for further handling of the physical document. The recipient bank no ...
It uses negotiable instruments as an example of formal contracts, such as: checks, drafts, promissory notes, and certificates of deposit. These examples are all required to have special formation under the Uniform Commercial Code. [3]
A demand draft (DD) is a negotiable instrument similar to a bill of exchange. A bank issues a demand draft to a client (drawer), directing another bank (drawee) or one of its own branches to pay a certain sum to the specified party (payee). [1] [2] A demand draft can also be compared to a cheque. However, demand drafts are difficult to ...
Post-dated cheques in Indian law are considered under the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881.Post-dated cheques are common and enforceable. [9] In 1998, the Supreme Court ruled that a post-dated cheque is a bill of exchange and does not become payable on demand until the date written on the cheque
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