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A full salvo from the TOS-1 will cover a rectangle 200 by 400 m (220 by 440 yd). [47] The Iskander-M theatre ballistic missile can also carry a 700 kg (1,540 lb) thermobaric warhead. [48] Many Russian Air Force munitions have thermobaric variants. The 80 mm (3.1 in) S-8 rocket has the S-8DM and S-8DF thermobaric variants.
The main mechanism of detonation propagation is of a powerful pressure wave that compresses the unburnt gas ahead of the wave to a temperature above the autoignition temperature. In technical terms, the reaction zone (chemical combustion) is a self-driven shock wave where the reaction zone and the shock are coincident, and the chemical reaction ...
When the bubble radius reaches the critical size it continues to expand and eventually explodes resulting a mixture of gas and droplets which is termed as explosive boiling or phase explosion. At the beginning, explosive boiling was used by Martynyuk to calculate the critical temperature of metals. He used electric resistance to heat up metal wire.
If saturated LNG contacts liquid water (e.g. sea water, which has an average temperature of 15 °C), heat is transferred from the water to the LNG, rapidly vaporizing it. This results in an explosion because the volume occupied by natural gas in its gaseous form is 600 times greater than when its liquefied; this is the phenomenon of rapid phase ...
Drone footage shows the aftermath of a suspected gas explosion that destroyed a house in Swansea. The aerial footage shows emergency services on the scene. They arrived just after 11.20 am on ...
A thermobaric bomb is a type of explosive that utilizes oxygen from the surrounding air to generate an intense, high-temperature explosion, and in practice the blast wave typically produced by such a weapon is of a significantly longer duration than that produced by a conventional condensed explosive. The fuel-air bomb is one of the best-known ...
where is the activation barrier for the burning reaction and is the temperature developed as the result of burning; the value of this so-called "flame temperature" can be determined from the laws of thermodynamics.
An explosion is a rapid expansion in volume of a given amount of matter associated with an extreme outward release of energy, usually with the generation of high temperatures and release of high-pressure gases. Explosions may also be generated by a slower expansion that would normally not be forceful, but is not allowed to expand, so that when ...