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The general mechanism of action for topical antifungal drugs is the disruption of the cell membrane. The unique components found in fungal cell membranes are usually the drug targets of antifungal drugs, in particular ergosterol. It is a sterol, which is important in maintaining proper membrane fluidity and normal functions of the cell membrane.
Isavuconazonium, sold under the brand name Cresemba, is a systemic antifungal medication of the triazole class which is used to treat invasive aspergillosis and mucormycosis. [9] [7] [8] [12] It is used as the sulfate. [9] It is taken by mouth or given via injection into a vein. [9]
Caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin are similar cyclic hexapeptide antibiotics linked to long modified N-linked acyl fatty acid chains. The chains serve as anchors on the fungal cell membrane to facilitate antifungal activity. [9] Due to their limited oral bioavailability, echinocandins are administered through intravenous infusion. [10]
Antifungal resistance is a subset of antimicrobial resistance, that specifically applies to fungi that have become resistant to antifungals. Resistance to antifungals can arise naturally, for example by genetic mutation or through aneuploidy. Extended use of antifungals leads to the development of antifungal resistance through various ...
Some antifungals are derived or extracted from other fungal species. Griseofulvin is derived from a number of Penicillium species; [12] caspofungin is derived from Glarea lozoyensis. [13] Strobilurin, azoxystrobin, micafungin, and echinocandins, are all extracted from fungi. Anidulafungin is a derivative of an Aspergillus metabolite. [citation ...
Doctors anticipate more cases like Fairweather's as fungal infections become more prevalent in Europe and the U.S. Candida auris infections rose more than eightfold in the U.S. between 2017 and ...
Amphotericin B is an antifungal medication used for serious fungal infections and leishmaniasis. [3] The fungal infections it is used to treat include mucormycosis, aspergillosis, blastomycosis, candidiasis, coccidioidomycosis, and cryptococcosis. [4] For certain infections it is given with flucytosine. [5]
Voriconazole, sold under the brand name Vfend among others, is an antifungal medication used to treat a number of fungal infections. [5] This includes aspergillosis, candidiasis, coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, penicilliosis, and infections by Scedosporium or Fusarium. [5] It can be taken by mouth or used by injection into a vein. [5]