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Salbutamol is usually used with an inhaler or nebulizer, but it is also available in a pill, liquid, and intravenous solution. [8] [10] Onset of action of the inhaled version is typically within 15 minutes and lasts for two to six hours. [8] Common side effects include shakiness, headache, fast heart rate, dizziness, and feeling anxious. [8]
Nasal budesonide inhalers have been associated with a number of side effects. [ 34 ] [ 35 ] These include nose irritation or burning, bleeding or sores in the nose, lightheadedness, upset stomach, cough, hoarseness, dry mouth, rash, sore throat, bad taste in mouth , change in mucus , and blurred vision. [ 36 ]
The most common side effects include headache, oral candidiasis, cough, and difficulty speaking. [2] Salbutamol/budesonide was approved for medical use in the United States in January 2023. [2] [3] It is the first combination of an inhaled corticosteroid and a short-acting beta-agonist to be approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA ...
Common (≥1/100 to <1/10) side effects include candidiasis, headache, tremor, palpitations, throat irritation, coughing, and dysphonia. [7] Pneumonia is a common side effect in people with COPD, and other, less common side effects have been documented.
Formoterol has an extended duration of action (up to 12 h) compared to short-acting β 2 agonists such as salbutamol (albuterol), which are effective for 4 h to 6 h. Formoterol has a relatively rapid onset of action compared to other LABAs, and is effective within 2-3 minutes. [ 2 ]
Rarer side effects may indicate a dangerous allergic reaction. These include: paradoxical bronchospasm (shortness of breath and difficulty breathing); skin itching, rash, or hives ( urticaria ); swelling ( angioedema ) of any part of the face or throat (which can lead to voice hoarseness ), or swelling of the extremities.
Common side effects with the inhaled form include respiratory infections, headaches, and throat inflammation. [1] Serious side effects include an increased risk of infection, cataracts, Cushing's syndrome, and severe allergic reactions. [1] Long-term use of the pill form may cause adrenal insufficiency. [4]
Salbutamol or albuterol and some other β 2 agonists, such as formoterol, also are sold in a solution form for nebulization, which is more commonly used than inhalers in emergency rooms. [9] Nebulizers continuously deliver aerosolized drug and salbutamol delivered through nebulizer was found to be more effective than IV administration. [10]