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Regions of heterochromatin can spread and influence transcription, which may result in the cessation of gene expression and subsequently, white eye sectors. Position effect is also used to describe the variation of expression exhibited by identical transgenes that insert into different regions of a genome .
According to this model, the heterochromatin forces an altered chromatin conformation on the euchromatic region. Due to this, the transcriptional machinery cannot access the gene which leads to the inhibition of transcription. [5] In other words, the heterochromatin spreads and causes gene silencing by packaging the normally euchromatic region. [2]
An inactive enhancer may be bound by an inactive transcription factor. Phosphorylation of the transcription factor may activate it and that activated transcription factor may then activate the enhancer to which it is bound (see small red star representing phosphorylation of a transcription factor bound to an enhancer in the illustration). [12]
In genetics, an enhancer is a short (50–1500 bp) region of DNA that can be bound by proteins to increase the likelihood that transcription of a particular gene will occur. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] These proteins are usually referred to as transcription factors .
Enhanceosomes are formed in special cases when these activators cooperatively bind together along the enhancer sequence to create a distinct three-dimensional structure. Each enhanceosome is unique towards its specific enhancer. This assembly is facilitated by energetically favorable protein: protein and protein: DNA interactions. Therefore ...
T-cell development and activation is controlled by complementary placement of proximal and distal lck promoters. The generated environment of a Lck-PROX mice when approached with proximal promoter demonstrates maximal lck protein and normal thymic development, while distal promoters lead to deficient lck protein and unnormal thymic levels.
3' untranslated region (3'-UTR). Also three-prime untranslated region, 3' non-translated region (3'-NTR), and trailer sequence.. 3'-end. Also three-prime end.. One of two ends of a single linear strand of DNA or RNA, specifically the end at which the chain of nucleotides terminates at the third carbon atom in the furanose ring of deoxyribose or ribose (i.e. the terminus at which the 3' carbon ...
HERC2 is a giant E3 ubiquitin protein ligase, implicated in DNA repair regulation, pigmentation and neurological disorders.It is encoded by a gene of the same name belonging to the HERC family, which typically encodes large protein products with C-terminal HECT domains and one or more RCC1-like (RLD) domains.