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Fungal diseases; Alternaria rot Alternaria alternata: Angular leaf scorch Pseudopezicula tetraspora Phialophora-type (anamorph) Angular leaf spot Mycosphaerella angulata Cercospora brachypus [anamorph] Anthracnose and bird's-eye rot Elsinoë ampelina Sphaceloma ampelinum [anamorph] Armillaria root rot (shoestring root rot) Armillaria mellea
Phomopsis cane and leaf spot is a disease that causes symptoms in the common grapevine species, Vitis vinifera, in many regions of the world. [2] This disease is mainly caused by the fungal pathogen, Phomopsis viticola, and is known to affect many cultivars of table grapes, such as Thompson Seedless, Red Globe, and Flame Seedless. [3]
It infects grapevines, causing chlorosis of the leaves and lowering the fruit quality. [2] Because of its effect on grape yield, GFLV is a pathogen of commercial importance. It is transmitted via a nematode vector, Xiphinema index. [3] This nematode acquires the virus through feeding on roots of an infected plant, and passes it on in the same ...
Mycosphaerella angulata is a major pathogen affecting the muscadine grape. Infection occurs mainly after midseason. The primary symptoms of this disease are faint chlorotic spots on the leaves. The chlorotic spots continue to grow in size during the growing season, forming angular brown lesions in the center.
An early symptom of angular leaf scorch of grapevines is the presence of faint chlorotic lesions near major veins on the leaf surface. [3] As the disease progresses, the lesions spread, changing from yellow to reddish brown. Reddening/browning of major leaf veins accompanies the lesions.
Some individuals are vectors for infectious pathogens and can transmit them from plant to plant while feeding; mealybug-spread grapevine leafroll associated virus type III (GRLaV-3), in particular, has wreaked havoc among the grapes of New Zealand, reducing the crop yield of infected vineyards by up to 60%. [3]
Grapevine yellows (GY) are diseases associated to phytoplasmas that occur in many grape growing areas worldwide and are of still increasing significance. The most important grapevine yellows is flavescence dorée. [1]
leaves become yellow or red, depending on the variety; downward rolling of leaves; drying of stems and grapes; there is no cold hardening; Some plants affected with Flavescence dorée may die, some may be asymptomatic while some, depending on the grapevine variety, can recover in a process currently not completely understood. [1]