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Umar ibn al-Khattab [a] (Arabic: عُمَر بْن ٱلْخَطَّاب, romanized: ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb; c. 582/583 – 644), also spelled Omar, was the second Rashidun caliph, ruling from August 634, when he succeeded Abu Bakr (r.
After returning to Medina from the Campaign of Wadi al-Qura, Muhammad sent Umar ibn al-Khattab with 30 men, against a branch of the tribes of Hawazin at Turbah, a distance of 4 nights march from Medina. Turbah was on the way to Sana and Najjran. [7] Umar's troop travelled by night and hid by day.
Khattab ibn Nufayl, Umar's father; Khantamah, Umar's mother; Hisham ibn al-Mughirah, maternal grandfather of Umar and brother of Walid ibn al-Mughira, who was the father of General Khalid ibn al-Walid. Khalid was thus a cousin of Umar's mother. Abu Jahl whose personal name was Amr bin Hisham was a brother of Umar's mother, and his maternal uncle.
Umar's Assurance (Arabic: العهدة العمرية, romanized: al-ʿUhda al-ʿUmariyya), is an assurance of safety given by the Caliph Umar ibn al-Khattab to the people of Aelia, the Late Roman name for Jerusalem. Several versions of the Assurance exist, with different views of their authenticity.
Ubayd Allah's mother was a woman of the Khuza'a tribe who Umar later divorced; the historian al-Mada'ini (d. 843) holds that her name was Mulayka bint Jarwal and that she married the well-known Meccan genealogist Abu al-Jahm ibn Hudhayfa after her divorce from Umar, while al-Waqidi (d. 823) holds that her name was Umm Kulthum bint Jarwal. [1]
Abd Allah ibn Umar (kunya Abu Abd al-Rahman [2]: 156 ) was born in 610 in Mecca, [3]: 207 three years after the beginning of Muhammad's message. [2]: 156 He was the son of Umar ibn al-Khattab and Zaynab bint Maz'un. [3]: 203–204 His full siblings were Hafsa and Abd al-Rahman.
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Umar ibn al-Khattab was one of the earliest figures in the history of Islam. While Sunnis regard Umar ibn al-Khattab in high esteem and respect his place as one of the "Four Righteously Guided Caliphs", the Shia do not view him as a legitimate leader of the Ummah and believe that Umar and Abu Bakr conspired to usurp power from Ali.