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A comparison of Sanskrit and Eastern Arabic numerals. Devanagari digits shapes may vary depending on geographical area or epoch. Some of the variants are also seen in older Sanskrit literature. [2] [3]
The Varga letters ka to ma have values from 1, 2, 3 .. up to 25 and Avarga letters ya to ha have values 30, 40, 50 .. up to 100. In the Varga and Avarga letters, beyond the ninth vowel (place), new symbols can be used. The values for vowels are as follows: a = 1; i = 100; u = 10000; ṛ = 1000000 and so on.
The table below shows the consonant letters (in combination with inherent vowel a) and their arrangement. To the right of the Devanāgarī letter it shows the Latin script transliteration using International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration, [53] and the phonetic value in Hindi. [54] [55]
Aryabhata used Devanagari letters for numbers, very similar to the Greek numerals, even after the invention of Indian numerals. The values of the different forms of ङ are: [1] ङ = 5 (५) ङि = 500 (५००) ङु = 50,000 (५० ०००) ङृ = 5,000,000 (५० ०० ०००) ङॢ = 5 × 10 8 (५० ८)
Any Sanskrit word for "tooth" could be used to denote 32 as a grown-up man has a full set of 32 teeth. Terms implying "the gods" were used to indicate 33, as there is a tradition of "thirty-three gods" ( trāyastriṃśadeva ) in certain Hindu and Buddhist texts. [ 5 ]
The Brahmi letter , Ga, is probably derived from the Aramaic Gimel, and is thus related to the modern Latin G and C, and the Greek Gamma.Several identifiable styles of writing the Brahmi Ga can be found, most associated with a specific set of inscriptions from an artifact or diverse records from an historic period. [2]
The most convenient method of inputting romanized Sanskrit is by setting up an alternative keyboard layout. This allows one to hold a modifier key to type letters with diacritical marks. For example, alt+a = ā. How this is set up varies by operating system.
The Rañjanā script (Lantsa [2]) is an abugida writing system which developed in the 11th century [3] and until the mid-20th century was used in an area from Nepal to Tibet by the Newar people, the historic inhabitants of the Kathmandu Valley, to write Sanskrit and Newar (Nepal Bhasa).