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About 1.3 million years ago the object may have passed within a distance of 0.16 parsecs (0.52 light-years) to the nearby star TYC 4742-1027-1, but its velocity is too high to have originated from that star system, and it probably just passed through the system's Oort cloud at a relative speed of about 15 km/s (34,000 mph; 54,000 km/h).
A clear example of this is the eccentricities of the two known Interstellar objects as of October 2019, 1I/'Oumuamua. and 2I/Borisov. 'Oumuamua had an incoming V inf of 26.5 kilometres per second (59,000 mph), but due to its low perihelion distance of only 0.255 au, it had an eccentricity of 1.200.
However, subsequent investigations revealed further opportunities for missions to 'Oumuamua will be possible, using a Solar Oberth at 6 solar radii (4.2 × 10 ^ 6 km; 2.6 × 10 ^ 6 mi), [12] the soonest being in 2030/2033 – the choice of year depending on whether the trajectory exploits a 3 year leveraging maneuver or not.
Several options for sending a spacecraft to ʻOumuamua within a time-frame of 5 to 25 years were suggested. [89] [90] One option is using first a Jupiter flyby followed by a close solar flyby at 3 solar radii (2.1 × 10 ^ 6 km; 1.3 × 10 ^ 6 mi) in order to take advantage of the Oberth effect. [91]
The spacecraft was traveling at 17.043 km/s (10.590 mi/s) relative to the Sun. At this rate, it would need about 17,565 years at this speed to travel a single light-year. [76] To compare, Proxima Centauri, the closest star to the Sun, is about 4.2 light-years (2.65 × 10 5 AU) distant. If the spacecraft was traveling in the direction of that ...
[3] [65] Well before that, in about 90,000 years, Pioneer 10 will pass about 0.23 parsecs (0.75 light-years) from the late K-type star HIP 117795. [66] This is the closest stellar flyby in the next few million years of all the Pioneer , Voyager , and New Horizons spacecraft, which are leaving the Solar System.
[nb 1] Earth's orbital speed averages 29.78 km/s (19 mi/s; 107,208 km/h; 66,616 mph), which is fast enough to cover the planet's diameter in 7 minutes and the distance to the Moon in 4 hours. [3] The point towards which the Earth in its solar orbit is directed at any given instant is known as the "apex of the Earth's way".
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