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In tetrapods with a quadratojugal bone, it often forms a portion of the jaw joint. Developmentally, the quadratojugal bone is a dermal bone in the temporal series, forming the original braincase. The squamosal and quadratojugal bones together form the cheek region [4] and may provide muscular attachments for facial muscles. [5]
The quadrate bone is a skull bone in most tetrapods, including amphibians, sauropsids (reptiles, birds), and early synapsids. In most tetrapods, the quadrate bone connects to the quadratojugal and squamosal bones in the skull, and forms upper part of the jaw joint. The lower jaw articulates at the articular bone, located at the rear end of the ...
The location first specifies a group such as head, neck, torso, upper limbs, or lower limbs, then may have more specific information. However this additional information must be describing location not function. Origin The bone or other structure the muscle is attached to that remains immobile during the action.
The serratus posterior inferior and serratus posterior superior are innervated by the ventral primary ramus and are hypaxial muscles. Epaxial muscles include other (dorsal) muscles associated with the vertebrae, ribs, and base of the skull. In humans, the erector spinae, the transversospinales (including the multifidus, semispinalis and ...
The squamosal is a skull bone found in most reptiles, amphibians, and birds. In fishes, it is also called the pterotic bone. [1] In most tetrapods, the squamosal and quadratojugal bones form the cheek series of the skull. [2] The bone forms an ancestral component of the dermal roof and is typically thin compared to other skull bones. [3]
The jugal bone is located on either side of the skull in the circumorbital region. It is the origin of several masticatory muscles in the skull. [1] The jugal and lacrimal bones are the only two remaining from the ancestral circumorbital series: the prefrontal, postfrontal, postorbital, jugal, and lacrimal bones. [2]
These two terms, used in anatomy and embryology, describe something at the back (dorsal) or front/belly (ventral) of an organism. [2] The dorsal (from Latin dorsum 'back') surface of an organism refers to the back, or upper side, of an organism. If talking about the skull, the dorsal side is the top. [38]
Temporal fenestrae in relation to the other skull openings in the dinosaur Massospondylus, a type of diapsid. The supratemporal fenestra, also called the upper temporal fenestra, is positioned above the other fenestra and is exposed primarily in dorsal (top) view. In some reptiles, particularly dinosaurs, the parts of the skull roof lying ...