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The cathodic process results in considerably more gas being trapped within the film than the anodic process. Since the gas has a higher electrical resistance than either depositing film or the bath itself, the amount of gas has a significant effect on the current at a given applied voltage. This is why cathodic processes are often able to be ...
Chemical Bath Deposition has a long history but until recently was an uncommon method of thin-film deposition. [1]In 1865, Justus Liebig published an article describing the use of Chemical Bath Deposition to silver mirrors (to affix a reflective layer of silver to the back of glass to form a mirror), [5] though in the modern day electroplating and vacuum deposition are more common.
In sol-gel synthesis the speed of deposition is an important parameter that affects, for example, layer thickness, density and porosity. The sol-gel technique is a deposition method that is widely used in material science to create protective coatings, optical coatings, ceramic coatings and similar surfaces.
Electroplating, also known as electrochemical deposition or electrodeposition, is a process for producing a metal coating on a solid substrate through the reduction of cations of that metal by means of a direct electric current.
Alkaline cyanide baths have historically been one of the most commonly-used plating chemistries for copper electrodeposition. [5] [8] Cyanide copper baths typically provide high covering and throwing power, allowing uniform and complete coverage of the substrate, but often plate at lower current efficiency. [2]
Balneotherapy (Latin: balneum "bath") is a method of treating diseases by bathing, a traditional medicine technique usually practiced at spas. [1] Since ancient times, humans have used hot springs, public baths and thermal medicine for therapeutic effects. [2]
The cathodic reduction of a nitrile to a primary amine in a divided cell; the cathodic reduction of benzyl cyanide to phenethylamine is shown: [17] Cathodic reduction of a nitroalkene can give the oxime in good yield. At higher negative reduction potentials, the nitroalkene can be reduced further, giving the primary amine but with lower yield.
Category for techniques in physical vapor deposition Pages in category "Physical vapor deposition techniques" The following 10 pages are in this category, out of 10 total.