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The third-longest reign (and longest of a king) was that of George III, who reigned for 59 years 96 days between 1760 and 1820. [2] James Stuart, the Old Pretender, was a pretender to the throne from 16 September 1701 until his death on 1 January 1766, a total of 64 years 108 days. [3] [failed verification]
Henry was born in Winchester Castle on 1 October 1207. [2] He was the eldest son of King John and Isabella of Angoulême. [3] Little is known of Henry's early life. [4] He was initially looked after by a wet nurse called Ellen in the south of England, away from John's itinerant court, and probably had close ties to his mother. [5]
But the others who had carried out his will and committed the crime they delivered up to the king to the number of four thousand and five hundred; and by the king's command they were all beheaded [decollati] in one day upon the river Aller in the place called Verden [Ferdun]. When he had wreaked vengeance after this fashion, the king withdrew ...
Death said to have been caused by the shock of hearing that his son James (later King James I of Scotland) had been captured by the English. Henry IV: House of Lancaster (England) 15 April 1367 1399–1413 20 March 1413 Several years of ill health- some type of visible skin ailment. Leprosy is also rumoured to have been possible. Henry V
In 1604 James I, who had inherited the English throne the previous year, adopted the title (now usually rendered in English rather than Latin) King of Great Britain. The English and Scottish parliaments, however, did not recognise this title until the Acts of Union of 1707 under Queen Anne (who was Queen of Great Britain rather than king).
The king fled London, and his companion since Piers Gaveston's death, Hugh Despenser, was publicly tried and executed. Edward was captured, charged with breaking his coronation oath, deposed and imprisoned in Gloucestershire until he was murdered some time in the autumn of 1327, presumably by agents of Isabella and Mortimer.
The King also refused to adhere to the Ordinances of 1311, which aimed to limit the monarch's power. [48] These tensions led to a series of events including the exile and eventual execution of the king's favorite, Piers Gaveston, and later the rise of Hugh Despenser the Younger, who further destabilized the kingdom. [49]
The legendary Arthur developed as a figure of international interest largely through the popularity of Geoffrey of Monmouth's fanciful and imaginative 12th-century Historia Regum Britanniae (History of the Kings of Britain). [8] Geoffrey depicted Arthur as a king of Britain who defeated the Saxons and established a vast empire.