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An agate or ruby is a unit of typographical measure. It is 5.5 typographical points, or about 1 ⁄ 13 inch (1.94 mm). It can refer either to the height of a line of type or to a font that is 5.5 points.
Initially, paper was ruled by hand, sometimes using templates. [1] Scribes could rule their paper using a "hard point," a sharp implement which left embossed lines on the paper without any ink or color, [2] or could use "metal point," an implement which left colored marks on the paper, much like a graphite pencil, though various other metals were used.
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Genaille–Lucas rulers (also known as Genaille's rods) are an arithmetic tool invented by Henri Genaille, a French railway engineer, in 1891. The device is a variant of Napier's bones . By representing the carry graphically, the user can read off the results of simple multiplication problems directly, with no intermediate mental calculations .
Hybrid measures bearing customary markings on one side and metric units on the other also exist and are sometimes referred to as yardsticks, metre-whesticks [citation needed] or "metre rulers". The spelling meter vs metre varies by country, though metre is the official and most widely used spelling in English-speaking countries.
(This preview should show multiple concentric circles. If not, click to view a larger version.) In mathematics, a Golomb ruler is a set of marks at integer positions along a ruler such that no two pairs of marks are the same distance apart. The number of marks on the ruler is its order, and the largest distance between two of its marks is its ...
Unit and value marks — as on a ruler or number line; Congruence notation in geometry — as on a geometric figure; Graphed points — as on a graph; Hatch marks are frequently used as an abbreviation of some common units of measurement. In regard to distance, a single hatch mark indicates feet, and two hatch marks indicate inches.
French curves are used in fashion design and sewing alongside hip curves, straight edges and right-angle rulers. Commercial clothing patterns can be personalized for fit by using French curves to draw neckline, sleeve, bust and waist variations.