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Arterial lines are most commonly used in intensive care medicine and anesthesia to monitor blood pressure directly and in real-time (rather than by intermittent and indirect measurement) and to obtain samples for arterial blood gas analysis. Arterial lines are generally not used to administer medication, since many injectable drugs may lead to ...
The first step is that crystalloid is flowing from the arterial line into the transfer bag. [12] And then autologous blood flows through the arterial line and filter after the placement of arterial cannulae. [12] The second step is crystalloid prime in the venous reservoir and oxygenator is replaced by blood through pressure gradients. [12]
Heparinised saline may be used in flushing arterial lines, to prevent clotting and blockage of the line. [citation needed] When syringes are used to perform a saline flush, it is important that the syringe not be reused for multiple patients, even though direct contact with the patient does not normally occur. [2]
The classic medical improvisation for an infusion pump is to place a blood pressure cuff around a bag of fluid. The battlefield equivalent is to place the bag under the patient. The pressure on the bag sets the infusion pressure. The pressure can actually be read-out at the cuff's indicator.
Direct pressure is the common method. The pressure on the wound constricts the blood vessels manually, helping to stem blood flow. When applying pressure, the type and direction of the wound may have an effect, for instance, a cut lengthways on the hand would be opened up by closing the hand into a fist, whilst a cut across the hand would be ...
An intravenous (IV) line is placed in either the collarbone, hand or arm. Catheters may be put in the wrist and neck area to monitor the heart and blood pressure of the patient, as well as for obtaining blood samples. The patient's blood pressure, blood oxygen level, heart rate and breathing is monitored during surgery by an anaesthesiologist.
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Blood is drained from the venous (deoxygenated) circulation, and is cycled through the CPB machine. While in the machine, the blood is filtered, heated or cooled, and infused with oxygen. Subsequently, it is pumped back into the arterial (oxygenated) circulation, thereby bypassing the heart and lungs and maintaining the perfusion of the vital ...