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Iridoids are a type of monoterpenoids in the general form of cyclopentanopyran, found in a wide variety of plants and some animals. They are biosynthetically derived from 8-oxogeranial . [ 1 ] Iridoids are typically found in plants as glycosides , most often bound to glucose .
Iridoids can consist of ten, nine, or rarely eight carbons in which C11 is more frequently missing than C10. [6] Aucubin has 10 carbons with the C11 carbon missing. The stereochemical configurations at C5 and C9 lead to cis fused rings, which are common to all iridoids containing carbocyclic- or seco-skeleton in non-rearranged form. [6]
Nepetalactone is a name for multiple iridoid analog stereoisomers.Nepetalactones are produced by Nepeta cataria and many other plants belonging to the genus Nepeta, in which they protect these plants from herbivorous insects by functioning as insect repellents.
Later in 1969, catalpol was found to be present in larger quantities in several plants in genus Rehmannia (Orobanchaceae). [1] It is also found in plants belonging to several families, including, but not limited to, Scrophulariaceae , Lamiaceae (including scullcap [ 2 ] [ 3 ] ), Plantaginaceae ( Plantago sp [ 4 ] ) and Bignoniaceae , [ 5 ] all ...
The term terpene was coined in 1866 by the German chemist August Kekulé to denote all hydrocarbons having the empirical formula C 10 H 16, of which camphene was one. Previously, many hydrocarbons having the empirical formula C 10 H 16 had been called "camphene", but many other hydrocarbons of the same composition had different names.
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Iris is extensively grown as ornamental plant in home and botanical gardens. Presby Memorial Iris Gardens in New Jersey, for example, is a living iris museum with over 10,000 plants, [24] while in Europe the most famous iris garden is arguably the Giardino dell'Iris in Florence (Italy) which every year hosts a well attended iris breeders ...
Iridodial is an iridoid.It is produced from 8-oxogeranial by the enzyme iridoid synthase (IS). [1] Iridodial is one of the substrates for the enzyme iridoid oxidase (IO) which produces 7-deoxyloganetic acid.