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Os 6 (μ-H)(CO) 21 (NCMe)(μ-PH 2) monoclinic P2 1 /n: a=11.161 b=12.532 c =26.60, β=90.03° [32] (μ 2-Phosphido)-(μ 2-hydrido)-bis(undecacarbonyl-tri-osmium) Os 6 (μ-H)(CO) 22 (μ-PH 2) monoclinic P2 1 /c: a =14.328 b =16.658 c =15.258, β =103.79° [32] [33] Os 6 (μ-H)(CO) 21 (CNBu t)(μ-PH 2) [32] [Os 6 (μ-H)(CO) 20 {P(OMe) 3} 2 (μ-PH ...
The pH range is commonly given as zero to 14, but a pH value can be less than 0 for very concentrated strong acids or greater than 14 for very concentrated strong bases. [2] The pH scale is traceable to a set of standard solutions whose pH is established by international agreement. [3]
Buffer capacity falls to 33% of the maximum value at pH = pK a ± 1, to 10% at pH = pK a ± 1.5 and to 1% at pH = pK a ± 2. For this reason the most useful range is approximately pK a ± 1. When choosing a buffer for use at a specific pH, it should have a pK a value as close as possible to that pH. [2]
It consists of a mixture of 0.04 M boric acid, 0.04 M phosphoric acid and 0.04 M acetic acid that has been titrated to the desired pH with 0.2 M sodium hydroxide. Britton and Robinson also proposed a second formulation that gave an essentially linear pH response to added alkali from pH 2.5 to pH 9.2 (and buffers to pH 12).
A universal indicator is a pH indicator made of a solution of several compounds that exhibit various smooth colour changes over a wide range pH values to indicate the acidity or alkalinity of solutions. A universal indicator can be in paper form or present in a form of a solution. [1]
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Alkaliphiles are a class of extremophilic microbes capable of survival in alkaline (pH roughly 8.5–11) environments, growing optimally around a pH of 10. These bacteria can be further categorized as obligate alkaliphiles (those that require high pH to survive), facultative alkaliphiles (those able to survive in high pH, but also grow under normal conditions) and haloalkaliphiles (those that ...
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