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A corn form 3D printed using corn-derivative PLA (polylactic acid). PLA-printed solids can be encased in plaster-like moulding materials, then burned out in a furnace, so that the resulting void can be filled with molten metal. This is known as "lost PLA casting", a type of investment casting. [43]
Nowadays, lactic acid is used as a monomer for producing polylactic acid (PLA) which later has application as biodegradable plastic. [9] This kind of plastic is a good option for substituting conventional plastic produced from petrochemicals because of low emission of carbon dioxide.
Ingeo is a range of polylactic acid (PLA) biopolymers owned by NatureWorks. [1] Resinex Group distributes Ingeo in Europe. [2] Ingeo is created using carbon stored in plants via photosynthesis and takes the form of dextrose sugar. These sugars are then converted into a biopolymer through the processes of fermentation and separation.
Mulch film made of polylactic acid (PLA)-blend bio-flex. Polylactic acid (PLA) is a transparent plastic produced from maize [44] or dextrose. Superficially, it is similar to conventional petrochemical-based mass plastics like PS. It is derived from plants, and it biodegrades under industrial composting conditions.
Polylactic acid is thermoplastic aliphatic polyester synthesized from renewable biomass, typically from fermented plant starch such as from maize, cassava, sugarcane or sugar beet pulp. In 2010, PLA had the second-highest consumption volume of any bioplastic of the world. [22]
Polylactic acid (PLA) is very common in the food industry due to is clear color and resistance to water. However, most polymers have a hydrophilic nature and start deteriorating when exposed to moisture. Biopolymers are also being used as edible films that encapsulate foods.
Most plastics are derived from natural gas and petroleum, and a small fraction from renewable materials. One such material polylactic acid. [2] Between 1950 and 2017, 9.2 billion metric tons of plastic are estimated to have been made; more than half of this has been produced since 2004.
PLGA undergoes hydrolysis in the body to produce the original monomers: lactic acid and glycolic acid. These two monomers under normal physiological conditions, are by-products of various metabolic pathways in the body. Lactic acid is metabolized in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and eliminated via carbon dioxide and water.