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Haldex Traction is a manufacturer of intelligent all-wheel drive (AWD) systems, founded in Sweden. Since the invention of Gen I in 1998, the company produced several generations of products licensed to and customized for some major automotive brands, that in turn have marketed Haldex Traction AWD under different names.
XWD, an acronym for Cross-Wheel Drive and also known as Haldex Generation 4, is an all-wheel drive system designed by Haldex in partnership with Saab. [1] The XWD is a permanent all-wheel drive system, that can pre-emptively and continuously change torque distribution before wheel slip occurs. Saab Turbo X, the launch vehicle for Saab XWD
Haldex co-owned (from 2004) the company Alfdex with Alfa Laval, for production of separators for truck engines. Haldex after 2011: In 2011, the Traction division was divested to BorgWarner, including the all-wheel drive. The hydraulic division formed a new company called Concentric and was listed on the Stockholm stock exchange.
The balance lever coupling, also central buffer coupling with two screw coupling, is a coupler commonly used on narrow gauge railroads with tight curves. By swapping the pulling and pushing devices, the standard screw coupling used on standard gauge railroads became a center buffer coupling with one screw coupling on each side of the buffer.
Parts books were often issued as microfiche, though this has fallen out of favour. Now, many manufacturers offer this information digitally in an electronic parts catalogue. This can be locally installed software, or a centrally hosted web application. Usually, an electronic parts catalogue enables the user to virtually disassemble the product ...
Dimensions and ratings noted in these articles are usually of nominal or typical components and systems, though standards and practices also vary widely with railway, region, and era. Transition between incompatible coupler types may be accomplished using dual couplings, a coupling adapter or a barrier wagon.
Viscous couplings are used as the center differential in cars such as the Toyota Celica GT-Four, and also as a limited slip differential (LSD) in rear axles. They offer a cheaper way to implement four-wheel-drive than technologies like the mechanical-transfer Torsen differentials.
The Type 10 includes "horns" to aid coupling on curves and include a function to provide standardised automatic air-brake connections; the coupling horn is often visible poking out at the front of the nose of high-speed trains. For European freight, the TSIs mandate buffer and chain couplings at specified heights.