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Material flow accounts provide information on the material inputs into, the changes in material stock within, and the material outputs in the form of exports to other economies or discharges to the environment of an economy. Material flow accounting can be used in national planning, especially for scarce resources, and also allows for forecasting.
Cost accounting has long been used to help managers understand the costs of running a business. Modern cost accounting originated during the Industrial Revolution when the complexities of running large scale businesses led to the development of systems for recording and tracking costs to help business owners and managers make decisions. Various ...
To begin with, the system is defined in the form of a process flow diagram (PFD). A typical PFD shows major equipment and material streams. A typical PFD shows major equipment and material streams. The term ‘material stream’ refers to liquids, solids, or gases entering or exiting the system, or flowing from one piece of equipment to another.
The method was developed in Germany in the 1980s and is related to approaches such as eco balances, flow cost accounting and "Reststoffkostenrechnung". The method became a huge success in Japan in the 2000s. By the year 2010 up to 300 companies had applied the MFCA approach, which was highly supported by the Japanese government.
Create a cost and operational flow diagram – How resources and activities are related to products and services. Collect data – Collecting data where the diagram shows operational relationship. Build a software model, validate and reconcile. Interpret results and prepare management reports. Integrate data collection and reporting.
Job costing or cost accounting can be used in virtually any industry (especially service industry) to ensure that the product pricing covers actual costs, overhead and provides a profit. The purpose of any business is to make money, and job costing is the most effective way to ensure that occurs.
Cost of goods sold (COGS) (also cost of products sold (COPS), or cost of sales [1]) is the carrying value of goods sold during a particular period. Costs are associated with particular goods using one of the several formulas, including specific identification, first-in first-out (FIFO), or average cost.
In cost accounting, classification is basically on the basis of functions, activities, products, process and on internal planning and control and information needs of the organization. Financial accounting aims at presenting 'true and fair' view of transactions, profit and loss for a period and Statement of financial position (Balance Sheet) on ...