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  2. Protein detoxification - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_detoxification

    Long term exposure to these toxic amino acids is associated with endothelial dysfunction, arterial stiffness, insulin resistance, chronic kidney disease, heart disease, dementia and ageing. [2] [3] [4] Therapeutic strategies that target the protein detoxification pathway aim to:

  3. Alcoholic liver disease - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcoholic_liver_disease

    It is the major cause of liver disease in Western countries, and is the leading cause of death from excessive drinking. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Although steatosis ( fatty liver disease ) will develop in any individual who consumes a large quantity of alcoholic beverages over a long period of time, this process is transient and reversible. [ 1 ]

  4. Arsenic poisoning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arsenic_poisoning

    The heart and nervous system can also be affected, causing disruption to heart rhythms (QT interval prolongation or tachycardia), heart failure, confusion, seizures, brain swelling, coma, and death. [8] [9] Inhaling arsine gas – the most toxic form of arsenic – causes a multisystem disease starting 2 to 24 hours after inhalation. Symptoms ...

  5. Detoxification - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detoxification

    The liver and kidney are naturally capable of detox, as are intracellular (specifically, inner membrane of mitochondria or in the endoplasmic reticulum of cells) proteins such as CYP enzymes. In cases of kidney failure , the action of the kidneys is mimicked by dialysis ; kidney and liver transplants are also used for kidney and liver failure ...

  6. Liver regeneration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liver_regeneration

    Liver regeneration is the process by which the liver is able to replace damaged or lost liver tissue. The liver is the only visceral organ with the capacity to regenerate. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The liver can regenerate after partial hepatectomy or injury due to hepatotoxic agents such as certain medications, toxins, or chemicals. [ 3 ]

  7. Drug metabolism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug_metabolism

    Drug metabolism is the metabolic breakdown of drugs by living organisms, usually through specialized enzymatic systems. More generally, xenobiotic metabolism (from the Greek xenos "stranger" and biotic "related to living beings") is the set of metabolic pathways that modify the chemical structure of xenobiotics, which are compounds foreign to an organism's normal biochemistry, such as any drug ...

  8. Xenobiotic metabolism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xenobiotic_metabolism

    These pathways are a form of biotransformation present in all major groups of organisms, and are considered to be of ancient origin. These reactions often act to detoxify poisonous compounds; however, in cases such as in the metabolism of alcohol, the intermediates in xenobiotic metabolism can themselves be the cause of toxic effects.

  9. Liver support system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liver_support_system

    A liver support system or diachysis is a type of therapeutic device to assist in performing the functions of the liver. Such systems focus either on removing the accumulating toxins (liver dialysis), or providing additional replacement of the metabolic functions of the liver through the inclusion of hepatocytes to the device (bioartificial liver device).

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