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Atopic dermatitis (AD), also known as atopic eczema, is a long-term type of inflammation of the skin. [2] Atopic dermatitis is also often called simply eczema but the same term is also used to refer to dermatitis, the larger group of skin conditions. [2] [5] Atopic dermatitis results in itchy, red, swollen, and cracked skin. [2]
The terms dermatitis and eczema are sometimes used synonymously. [1] [14] However the term eczema is often used to specifically mean atopic dermatitis (also known as atopic eczema). [15] [7] Terminology might also differ according to countries. In some languages, dermatitis and eczema mean the same thing, while in other languages dermatitis ...
Atopic reactions are caused by localized hypersensitivity reactions to an allergen. Atopy appears to show a strong hereditary component. One study concludes that the risk of developing atopic dermatitis (3%) or atopy in general (7%) "increases by a factor of two with each first-degree family member already suffering from atopy". [14]
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic dermatitis associated with a hereditary tendency to develop allergies to food and inhalant substances. [46] [47] [48] Atopic dermatitis (atopic eczema, disseminated neurodermatitis, flexural eczema, infantile eczema, prurigo diathsique)
Topical steroid withdrawal, also known as red burning skin and steroid dermatitis, has been reported in people who apply topical steroids for 2 weeks or longer and then discontinue use. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] [ 2 ] [ 1 ] Symptoms affect the skin and include redness, a burning sensation, and itchiness, [ 2 ] which may then be followed by peeling.
The allergic march (also called atopic march) is a medical term used to explain the natural history of atopic manifestations. The allergic march is characterized by some antibody responses to immunoglobulin E (IgE) and clinical symptoms that may appear in childhood, and continue for years or decades and often changing with age. [1]
"Distribution" refers to how lesions are localized. They may be confined to a single area (a patch) or may be in several places. Some distributions correlate with the means by which a given area becomes affected. For example, contact dermatitis correlates with locations where allergen has elicited an allergic immune response.
Allergic inflammation is an important pathophysiological feature of several disabilities or medical conditions including allergic asthma, atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis and several ocular allergic diseases. Allergic reactions may generally be divided into two components; the early phase reaction, and the late phase reaction.
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