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Craftsman No. 5 jack plane A hand plane in use. A hand plane is a tool for shaping wood using muscle power to force the cutting blade over the wood surface. Some rotary power planers are motorized power tools used for the same types of larger tasks, but are unsuitable for fine-scale planing, where a miniature hand plane is used.
A jack plane is a general-purpose woodworking bench plane, used for dressing timber down to size in preparation for truing and/or edge jointing. It is usually the first plane used on rough stock, but for rougher work it can be preceded by the scrub plane. [1] The versatility of the jack plane has led to it being the most common bench plane in use.
The smoothing plane is the shortest of the bench planes. [2] Under the Stanley Bailey numbering system for metal-bodied planes #1 to #4 are smoothing planes, with lengths ranging from 5 + 1 ⁄ 2 inches (140 mm) to 10 inches (250 mm). [3] The #4 plane, which is 9 inches (230 mm) in length, is the most common smoothing plane in use.
The name fore plane dates back to at least the 17th century in Britain, and was named fore plane because it would be used on a workpiece before other planes. [5] The name fore plane is sometimes used synonymously with the jack plane, while in 17th century Britain the term fore plane was used more by joiners or cabinet makers, and jack plane by carpenters.
A wood rabbet plane A rabbet or rebate. The rebate plane (British English) or rabbet plane (American English) is a hand plane designed for cutting rebates/rabbets in wood. It is a simple tool used in many Western countries with hundreds of years of history. It was in use in England at least as early as the 11th century. [citation needed]
The use of the name jointer plane dates back to at least the 17th century, referring to the process of readying the edges of boards for jointing. [5] The terms try plane, trying plane, and trueing plane have been in use since at least the 19th century. [3] As with other hand planes, jointer planes were originally made with wooden bodies.
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