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The relationship between acanthus ornament and the acanthus plant has been the subject of a long-standing controversy. Alois Riegl argued in his Stilfragen that acanthus ornament originated as a sculptural version of the palmette , and only later began to resemble Acanthus spinosus .
Acanthus (plant), a genus containing plants used for ornament and in traditional medicine Acanthus (ornament) , ornamental forms in architecture using the leaf shape Acanthus , an entomological term for a thornlike projection on an insect , typically a single-celled cuticular growth without tormogen (socket) or sensory cells
It is found in most artistic media, but especially as an architectural ornament, whether carved or painted, and painted on ceramics. It is very often a component of the design of a frieze or border. The complex evolution of the palmette was first traced by Alois Riegl in his Stilfragen of 1893.
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Roman ornament techniques include surface-modeling, where ornamental styles are applied onto a surface. This was a common ornamental style with marble surfaces. [8] One common ornamental style was the use of acanthus leaf, a motif adopted from the Greeks.
The Five Orders illustrated by Vignola, 1641 Unlike the Composite capital, this Ionic capital has a different appearance from the front and sides. The Composite is partly based on the Ionic order, where the volutes (seen frontally) are joined by an essentially horizontal element across the top of the capital, so that they resemble a scroll partly rolled at each end.
Stilfragen: Grundlegungen zu einer Geschichte der Ornamentik is a book on the history of ornament by the Austrian art historian Alois Riegl. It was published in Berlin in 1893. The English translation renders the title as Problems of style: foundations for a history of ornament, although this has been criticized by some.
Architectural ornaments — decorative architectural elements The main article for this category is Ornament (architecture) . See also: Architectural sculpture , Classical orders , and classical architecture