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Cancer is a genetic disease caused by accumulation of DNA mutations and epigenetic alterations leading to unrestrained cell proliferation and neoplasm formation. The goal of oncogenomics is to identify new oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes that may provide new insights into cancer diagnosis, predicting clinical outcome of cancers and new ...
Cancer gene therapy was introduced in 1992/93 (Trojan et al. 1993). [167] The treatment of glioblastoma multiforme, the malignant brain tumor whose outcome is always fatal, was done using a vector expressing antisense IGF-I RNA (clinical trial approved by NIH protocol no.1602 24 November 1993, [168] and by the FDA in 1994). This therapy also ...
The finding caused an outcry from cancer experts, who have traditionally held that most cancers were caused by preventable lifestyle and environmental factors or inherited genetic defects.
A cancer syndrome or family cancer syndrome is a genetic disorder in which inherited genetic mutations in one or more genes predisposes the affected individuals to the development of cancers and may also cause the early onset of these cancers. Although cancer syndromes exhibit an increased risk of cancer, the risk varies. For some of these ...
The therapy known as Casgevy [9] works through editing a dysfunctional protein that interferes with creation of adult hemoglobin. This gene is known as the BCL11A, and when people have Beta thalassemia, their bodies do not make enough adult hemoglobin. Casgevy uses precise gene editing of stem cells, and reduces the activity of BCL11A.
In diseases that are secondary to a genetic mutation that causes the lack of a gene, the gene is added back in. [24] [25] [26] In diseases that are due to the overexpression of a gene, viral genetic engineering may be introduced to turn off the gene. [24] [25] [26] Viral gene therapy may be done in vivo or ex vivo.
Cancer is a group of diseases where cells multiply uncontrollably. [1] Normally, cells have a built-in process called apoptosis that triggers cell death to prevent excessive growth. However, when these processes are disrupted, cancer can develop. Studies show that cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. [1]
Exagamglogene autotemcel (Casgevy): treatment for sickle cell disease. [11] Gendicine: treatment for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma; Idecabtagene vicleucel (Abecma): treatment for multiple myeloma [12] Lovotibeglogene autotemcel (Lyfgenia): treatment for sickle cell disease. [11] Nadofaragene firadenovec (Adstiladrin): treatment for ...
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