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Similarly, subscripts are also used frequently in mathematics to define different versions of the same variable: for example, in an equation x 0 and x f might indicate the initial and final value of x, while v rocket and v observer would stand for the velocities of a rocket and an observer.
With a subscript, denotes a set complement: that is, if , then =. 2. Without a subscript, denotes the absolute complement ; that is, ∁ A = ∁ U A {\displaystyle \complement A=\complement _{U}A} , where U is a set implicitly defined by the context, which contains all sets under consideration.
def – define or definition. deg – degree of a polynomial, or other recursively-defined objects such as well-formed formulas. (Also written as ∂.) del – del, a differential operator. (Also written as.) det – determinant of a matrix or linear transformation. DFT – discrete Fourier transform.
Matrices are usually symbolized using upper-case letters (such as in the examples above), while the corresponding lower-case letters, with two subscript indices (e.g., , or ,), represent the entries. In addition to using upper-case letters to symbolize matrices, many authors use a special typographical style , commonly boldface Roman (non ...
A vector treated as an array of numbers by writing as a row vector or column vector (whichever is used depends on convenience or context): = (), = Index notation allows indication of the elements of the array by simply writing a i, where the index i is known to run from 1 to n, because of n-dimensions. [1]
Moreover, the subscripts and superscripts could have been left off in the third, fourth, and fifth notations, if the indexing set was understood to be the natural numbers. In the second and third bullets, there is a well-defined sequence ( a k ) k = 1 ∞ {\textstyle {(a_{k})}_{k=1}^{\infty }} , but it is not the same as the sequence denoted by ...
The following table lists many common symbols, together with their name, how they should be read out loud, and the related field of mathematics. Additionally, the subsequent columns contains an informal explanation, a short example, the Unicode location, the name for use in HTML documents, [ 1 ] and the LaTeX symbol.
Thus "H₂O" (using a subscript 2 character) is supposed to be identical to "H 2 O" (with subscript markup). In reality, many fonts that include these characters ignore the Unicode definition, and instead design the digits for mathematical numerator and denominator glyphs, [3] [4] which are aligned with the cap line and the baseline, respectively.