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Charge quantization is the principle that the charge of any object is an integer multiple of the elementary charge. Thus, an object's charge can be exactly 0 e, or exactly 1 e, −1 e, 2 e, etc., but not 1 / 2 e, or −3.8 e, etc. (There may be exceptions to this statement, depending on how "object" is defined; see below.)
The elementary charge e, i.e. the negative charge on a single electron or the positive charge on a single proton [3] 10 −18: atto-(aC) ~ 1.8755 × 10 −18 C: Planck charge [4] [5] 10 −17: 1.473 × 10 −17 C (92 e) – Positive charge on a uranium nucleus (derived: 92 x 1.602 × 10 −19 C) 10 −16: 1.344 × 10 −16 C: Charge on a dust ...
For the free neutron, the decay energy for this process (based on the rest masses of the neutron, proton and electron) is 0.782 343 MeV. That is the difference between the rest mass of the neutron and the sum of the rest masses of the products. That difference has to be carried away as kinetic energy.
In physics, the C parity or charge parity is a multiplicative quantum number of some particles that describes their behavior under the symmetry operation of charge conjugation. Charge conjugation changes the sign of all quantum charges (that is, additive quantum numbers ), including the electrical charge , baryon number and lepton number , and ...
The charges of free-standing particles are integer multiples of the elementary charge e; we say that electric charge is quantized. Michael Faraday, in his electrolysis experiments, was the first to note the discrete nature of electric charge. Robert Millikan's oil drop experiment demonstrated this fact directly, and measured the elementary charge.
All observable subatomic particles have their electric charge an integer multiple of the elementary charge. The Standard Model's quarks have "non-integer" electric charges, namely, multiple of 1 / 3 e , but quarks (and other combinations with non-integer electric charge) cannot be isolated due to color confinement .
An up quark has electric charge + + 2 / 3 e, and a down quark has charge − + 1 / 3 e, so the summed electric charges of proton and neutron are +e and 0, respectively. [a] Thus, the neutron has a charge of 0 (zero), and therefore is electrically neutral; indeed, the term "neutron" comes from the fact that a neutron is ...
Template that returns the number of neutrons of the most common isotope (or in cases where no characteristic isotopic abundance exists for that element, the number of neutrons for the longest-lived isotope) for an element given its name. All elements for which an isotope has been produced (up to oganesson) have been added.
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