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However, in most fielded systems, unwanted clutter and interference sources mean that the noise level changes both spatially and temporally. In this case, a changing threshold can be used, where the threshold level is raised and lowered to maintain a constant probability of false alarm. This is known as constant false alarm rate (CFAR) detection.
In the mid-2000s, an improved version labeled YLC-2A was deployed to the PLA. Equipped with a new Giga-flops digital signal processor, it is capable of Digital Moving Target Indication (DMTI) and Constant false alarm rate (CFAR) processing. An S-band variation called YLC-2U with similar capabilities was also developed for SAM guidance.
Detection using constant false alarm rate (CFAR) scheme; Association and tracking of object returns in range/Doppler space, known as "line tracking" Association and fusion of line tracks from each transmitter to form the final estimate of an object's location, heading and speed. These are described in greater detail in the sections below.
Constant False Alarm Rate, a form of Automatic Gain Control (AGC), is a method that relies on clutter returns far outnumbering echoes from targets of interest. The receiver's gain is automatically adjusted to maintain a constant level of overall visible clutter.
Constant false alarm rate processing is used to examine each FFT output to detect signals. This is an adaptive process that adjusts automatically to background noise and environmental influences. There is a cell under test, where the surrounding cells are added together, multiplied by a constant, and used to establish a threshold.
CFAR may refer to: Centre for Freudian Analysis and Research; Collaborative Forecasting and Replenishment; CFAR (AM), a radio station (590 AM) licensed to Flin Flon, Manitoba, Canada; Constant false alarm rate; Center for Applied Rationality
Uses pulse compression, MTI (Moving Target Indicator) and CFAR (Constant False Alarm Rate) Traveling Wave Tube (TWT) amplifier; Independent search capability in 10 " X 10 " Able to track both surface and airborne targets; TV tracking/Laser Range finding
False alarm rate and/or probability of warning is therefore a huge problem against surface-to-air missiles due to high IR background clutter originating from the earth. Needs vast computing power to alleviate false alarm problem which in turn drives up cost.