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The Supreme Court of Judicature at Fort William in Calcutta, was founded in 1774 by the Regulating Act 1773.It replaced the Mayor's Court of Calcutta and was British India's highest court from 1774 until 1862, when the High Court of Calcutta was established by the Indian High Courts Act 1861.
In 1773 the Regulating Act reformed the government of East India Company-ruled Bengal, establishing the Bengal supreme council and a supreme court with Warren Hastings as the first governor-general. Impey was appointed the first chief justice of the new supreme court at Calcutta in March 1774 and knighted later that month.
From 1774 (when the Supreme Court of Judicature at Fort William was founded) till 1782 (when Bengal Judicature Act 1781 was passed), the court claimed jurisdiction over any person residing in Bengal, Bihar or Orissa. This resulted in conflict of jurisdiction with Supreme Council of Bengal.
The judges departed for Calcutta in May 1774, although Chambers persuaded the Oxford authorities to allow him to retain his professorship for a further three years, in case he did not adapt to the Indian climate. His successor was therefore not appointed until 1777, when he was knighted (on 7 June).
John Hyde (14 January 1738 – 8 July 1796) was a Puisne Judge on the Supreme Court of Judicature at Fort William in Bengal from 1774 to his death. [2] He is the primary author of Hyde's Notebooks, a series of 74 notebooks that are a trove of information for the first years of the Supreme Court of Judicature at Fort William, the highest court in Bengal from 1774 to 1862. [3]
The Calcutta Madness [citation needed] was established by a Royal Charter issued by King George III of Great Britain on 26 March 1774 which created the Supreme Court at Fort William in Calcutta. The charter stipulated that the sheriff would be appointed by the Governor-General in Council from a list of three residents recommended by the Supreme ...
The Calcutta High Court is one of the three High Courts in India established at the Presidency Towns by Letters patent granted by Queen Victoria, and is the oldest High Court in India. It was brought into existence as the High Court of Judicature at Fort William by the Letters Patent dated 14 May 1862, [3] issued under the High Courts Act, 1861 ...
Until the founding of the Supreme Court of Judicature at Fort William in 1774, the Mayor's Courts in Madras, Calcutta and Bombay were the East India Company's highest courts in British India. It was established by Charter of 1726. [1]