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Amorphous steel is limited to foils of about 50 μm thickness. The mechanical properties of amorphous steel make stamping laminations for electric motors difficult. Since amorphous ribbon can be cast to any specific width under roughly 13 inches and can be sheared with relative ease, it is a suitable material for wound electrical transformer cores.
The stacking factor (also lamination factor or space factor [1]) is a measure used in electrical transformer design and some other electrical machines. It is the ratio of the effective cross-sectional area of the transformer core to the physical cross-sectional area of the transformer core. The two are different because of the way cores are ...
An amorphous metal transformer (AMT) is a type of energy efficient transformer found on electric grids. [1] The magnetic core of this transformer is made with a ferromagnetic amorphous metal. The typical material is an alloy of iron with boron, silicon, and phosphorus in the form of
Silicon steel has low hysteresis loss, and the laminated construction prevents eddy currents from flowing in the core, which dissipates power in the resistance of the steel. The efficiency of typical distribution transformers is between about 98 and 99 percent. [8] [9] Where large numbers of transformers are made to standard designs, a wound C ...
SC1 (NH 4 OH (29%) + H 2 O 2 (30%) + Deionized H 2 O [1:1:5]) and SC2 (HCl (37%) + H 2 O 2 (30%) + Deionized H 2 O [1:1:6]). SC1 is used for removing organic contaminations and particles at a temperature of 70 °C to 80 °C for 5 to 10 min and SC2 is used for removing metal ions at 80 °C for 10 min. [ 9 ] Subsequently, the wafers are rinsed ...
"Soft" magnetic materials with low coercivity and hysteresis, such as silicon steel, or ferrite, are usually used in cores. Magnetic field (green) created by a current-carrying winding (red) in a typical magnetic core transformer or inductor, with the iron core C forming a closed loop, possibly with air gaps G in it. The drawing shows a section ...
This departure from the usual formula only applies for materials of rather low conductivity and at frequencies where the vacuum wavelength is not much larger than the skin depth itself. For instance, bulk silicon (undoped) is a poor conductor and has a skin depth of about 40 meters at 100 kHz (λ = 3 km). However, as the frequency is increased ...
Ferrosilicon is used as a source of silicon to reduce metals from their oxides and to deoxidize steel and other ferrous alloys. This prevents the loss of carbon from the molten steel (so called blocking the heat); ferromanganese, spiegeleisen, calcium silicides, and many other materials are used for the same purpose. [5]