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These antibodies are transported from the plasma cells by the blood plasma and the lymphatic system to the site of the target antigen (foreign substance), where they initiate its neutralization or destruction. B cells differentiate into plasma cells that produce antibody molecules closely modeled after the receptors of the precursor B cell. [3]
Produces antibody molecules [14] [4] Plasma cell: Lymphocyte: B cell: Plasma B cells; Effector B cells; Plasmocytus; 8-10 Active B cells that produces large amounts of antibodies [4] [15] Memory B cell: Lymphocyte: B cell: MBC; 8-10 Memorizes the characteristics of the antigens; Triggers an accelerated and robust secondary immune response [4 ...
In the course of an immune response, B cells can progressively differentiate into antibody-secreting cells or into memory B cells. [6] Antibody-secreting cells comprise plasmablasts and plasma cells, which differ mainly in the degree to which they secrete antibody, their lifespan, metabolic adaptations, and surface markers. [7]
As a result, the B cell becomes a plasma cell which secretes antibodies that act as an opsonin against invaders. [citation needed] Specificity in the adaptive branch is due to the fact that every B and T cell is different. Thus there is a diverse community of cells ready to recognize and attack a full range of invaders. [8]
As the activated B cell then begins to divide, its offspring (plasma cells) secrete millions of copies of the antibody that recognizes this antigen. These antibodies circulate in blood plasma and lymph, bind to pathogens expressing the antigen and mark them for destruction by complement activation or for uptake and destruction by phagocytes ...
Long-lived plasma cells (LLPCs) are a distinct subset of plasma cells that play a crucial role in maintaining humoral memory and long-term immunity. [1] They continuously produce and secrete high-affinity antibodies into the bloodstream, conversely to memory B cells, which are quiescent and respond quickly to antigens upon recall.
Step 5: When the B cells are activated, some B cells turn into plasma cells and are released in the blood, while other B cells become B memory cells that quicken response for a second exposure. Step 6: Plasma cells then secrete antibodies, which bind to antigens to fight the invading pathogens.
In immunology, a naive B cell is a B cell that has not been exposed to an antigen. These are located in the tonsils , spleen , and primary lymphoid follicles in lymph nodes . Once exposed to an antigen , the naive B cell either becomes a memory B cell or a plasma cell that secretes antibodies specific to the antigen that was originally bound.