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COBOL uses the STRING statement to concatenate string variables. MATLAB and Octave use the syntax "[x y]" to concatenate x and y. Visual Basic and Visual Basic .NET can also use the "+" sign but at the risk of ambiguity if a string representing a number and a number are together. Microsoft Excel allows both "&" and the function "=CONCATENATE(X,Y)".
A spreadsheet's concatenate ("&") function is used to assemble a complex text string—in this example, XML code for an SVG "circle" element. In formal language theory and computer programming, string concatenation is the operation of joining character strings end-to-end. For example, the concatenation of "snow" and "ball" is "snowball".
For function that manipulate strings, modern object-oriented languages, like C# and Java have immutable strings and return a copy (in newly allocated dynamic memory), while others, like C manipulate the original string unless the programmer copies data to a new string. See for example Concatenation below.
A string is defined as a contiguous sequence of code units terminated by the first zero code unit (often called the NUL code unit). [1] This means a string cannot contain the zero code unit, as the first one seen marks the end of the string. The length of a string is the number of code units before the zero code unit. [1]
Beyond syntactic requirements of C/C++, implicit concatenation is a form of syntactic sugar, making it simpler to split string literals across several lines, avoiding the need for line continuation (via backslashes) and allowing one to add comments to parts of strings. For example, in Python, one can comment a regular expression in this way: [21]
Example strings and their purposes: A message like "file upload complete" is a string that software shows to end users. In the program's source code, this message would likely appear as a string literal. User-entered text, like "I got a new job today" as a status update on a social media service.
String interpolation, like string concatenation, may lead to security problems. If user input data is improperly escaped or filtered, the system will be exposed to SQL injection, script injection, XML external entity (XXE) injection, and cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks. [4] An SQL injection example: query = "SELECT x, y, z FROM Table WHERE ...
A snippet of C code which prints "Hello, World!". The syntax of the C programming language is the set of rules governing writing of software in C. It is designed to allow for programs that are extremely terse, have a close relationship with the resulting object code, and yet provide relatively high-level data abstraction.