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The expanded graphite can be used to make graphite foil or used directly as a "hot top" compound to insulate molten metal in a ladle or red-hot steel ingots and decrease heat loss, or as firestops fitted around a fire door or in sheet metal collars surrounding plastic pipe (during a fire, the graphite expands and chars to resist fire ...
Calcium graphite CaC 6 is obtained by immersing highly oriented pyrolytic graphite in liquid Li–Ca alloy for 10 days at 350 °C. The crystal structure of CaC 6 belongs to the R 3 m space group. The graphite interlayer distance increases upon Ca intercalation from 3.35 to 4.524 Å, and the carbon-carbon distance increases from 1.42 to 1.444 Å.
The Laves graph or K 4 crystal is a theoretically predicted three-dimensional crystalline metastable carbon structure in which each carbon atom is bonded to three others, at 120° angles (like graphite), but where the bond planes of adjacent layers lie at an angle of 70.5°, rather than coinciding.
The structure of graphite was solved in 1916 [40] by the related method of powder diffraction, [41] which was developed by Peter Debye and Paul Scherrer and, independently, by Albert Hull in 1917. [42] The structure of graphite was determined from single-crystal diffraction in 1924 by two groups independently.
The structure and properties of graphite oxide depend on the particular synthesis method and degree of oxidation. [11] [12] It typically preserves the layer structure of the parent graphite, but the layers are buckled and the interlayer spacing is about two times larger (~0.7 nm) than that of graphite. Strictly speaking "oxide" is an incorrect ...
GJV at a magnification of 100:1. Compacted graphite iron (CGI), also known as vermicular graphite iron (GJV, VG, [1] JV [2] or GGV from the German: "Gusseisen mit Vermiculargraphit" [3]) especially in non-English speaking countries, [4] is a metal which is gaining popularity in applications that require either greater strength, or lower weight than cast iron.
To produce expandable graphite, natural graphite flakes are treated in a bath of acid and oxidizing agent.Usually used oxidizing agents are hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate or chromic acid. Concentrated sulphuric acid or nitric acid are usually used as the compound to be incorporated, with the reaction taking place at temperatures of ...
Graphitization can be observed in various contexts. For example, it occurs naturally during the formation of certain types of coal or graphite in the Earth's crust.It can also be artificially induced during the manufacture of specific carbon materials, such as graphite electrodes used in fuel cells, nuclear reactors or metallurgical applications.