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Northumbrian Old English had been established in south-eastern Scotland as far as the River Forth by the 7th century. It remained largely confined to this area until the 13th century, continuing in common use while Scottish Gaelic was the court language until displaced by Norman French in the early 12th century.
The languages of Scotland belong predominantly to the Germanic and Celtic language families. The main language now spoken in Scotland is English, while Scots and Scottish Gaelic are minority languages. The dialect of English spoken in Scotland is referred to as Scottish English.
Scots [note 1] is a language variety descended from Early Middle English in the West Germanic language family.Most commonly spoken in the Scottish Lowlands, the Northern Isles of Scotland, and northern Ulster in Ireland (where the local dialect is known as Ulster Scots), it is sometimes called: Lowland Scots, to distinguish it from Scottish Gaelic, the Celtic language that was historically ...
A member of the Goidelic branch of the Celtic languages, Scottish Gaelic, like Modern Irish and Manx, developed out of Middle Irish, and thus descends ultimately from Primitive Irish. Outside Scotland, a dialect of the language known as Canadian Gaelic exists in Canada on Cape Breton Island and isolated areas of the Nova Scotia mainland.
This is a presentation of the phonological history of the Scots language. Scots has its origins in Old English (OE) via early Northern Middle English; [1] though loanwords from Old Norse [2] and Romance sources are common, especially from ecclesiastical and legal Latin, Anglo-Norman and Middle French borrowings. [3]
Early Scots was the emerging literary language of the Early Middle English-speaking parts of Scotland in the period before 1450. The northern forms of Middle English descended from Northumbrian Old English .
Often misclassified as an English dialect, Scots is a West Germanic language unique to Scotland, ... Traces of the original Scots language are still there, but today's lyrics are comparatively ...
The Celtic languages (/ ˈ k ɛ l t ɪ k / ⓘ KEL-tik) are a branch of the Indo-European language family, descended from the hypothetical Proto-Celtic language. [2] The term "Celtic" was first used to describe this language group by Edward Lhuyd in 1707, [ 3 ] following Paul-Yves Pezron , who made the explicit link between the Celts described ...