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Dermatologists discuss the benefits of kojic acid for skin, including how the ingredients helps brighten skin, reduces dark spots and discoloration, and more.
Kojic acid is an organic compound with the formula HOCH 2 C 5 H 2 O 2 OH. It is a derivative of 4-pyrone that functions in nature as a chelation agent produced by several species of fungi, especially Aspergillus oryzae , which has the Japanese common name koji .
The combination of kojic acid, 10% glycolic acid and tranexamic acid “act synergistically for brightening skin overall and lightening dark spots,” says Castilla, who notes that it’s a ...
The most popular beauty products often contain sake and rice bran, which contain kojic acid. The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare has approved a specific combination of active ingredients for skin whitening cosmetics used by the general Japanese public. These are mainly arbutin and kojic acid. [4]
Skin whitening, also known as skin lightening and skin bleaching, is the practice of using chemical substances in an attempt to lighten the skin or provide an even skin color by reducing the melanin concentration in the skin.
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The Fischer–Saller scale, named after Eugen Fischer and Karl Saller is used in physical anthropology and medicine to determine the shades of hair color. The scale uses the following designations: A (very light blond), B to E (light blond), F to L (), M to O (dark blond), P to T (light brown to brown), U to Y (dark brown to black) and Roman numerals I to IV and V to VI (red-blond).
There are a wide range of depigmenting treatments used for hyperpigmentation conditions, and responses to most are variable. [11]Most often treatment of hyperpigmentation caused by melanin overproduction (such as melasma, acne scarring, liver spots) includes the use of topical depigmenting agents, which vary in their efficacy and safety, as well as in prescription rules.