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Chechen (/ ˈ tʃ ɛ tʃ ɛ n / CHETCH-en, [4] / tʃ ə ˈ tʃ ɛ n / chə-CHEN; [5] Нохчийн мотт, Noxçiyn mott, [6] [ˈnɔxt͡ʃĩː muɔt]) is a Northeast Caucasian language spoken by approximately 1.8 million people, mostly in the Chechen Republic and by members of the Chechen diaspora throughout Russia and the rest of Europe, Jordan, Austria, Turkey, Azerbaijan, Ukraine ...
Jaimoukha argues that while all these cultures probably were made by people included among the genetic ancestors of the Chechens, it was either the Koban or Kharachoi culture that was the first culture made by the cultural and linguistic ancestors of the Chechens (meaning the Chechens first arrived in their homeland 3000–4000 years ago ...
There is a theory that the real reason why Chechens and Ingush were deported was the desire of Russia to attack Turkey, an anti-communist country, as Chechens and Ingush could impede such plans. [22] In 2004, the European Parliament recognized the deportation of Chechens and Ingush as an act of genocide. [35]
The Chechen Republic of Ichkeria (/ ɪ tʃ ˈ k ɛr i ə / itch-KERR-ee-ə; Chechen: Нохчийн Республик Ичкери, romanized: Nóxçiyn Respublik Içkeri; Russian: Чеченская Республика Ичкерия, romanized: Chechenskaya Respublika Ichkeriya; abbreviated as "ChRI" or "CRI"), known simply as Ichkeria, and also known as Chechnya, is a former de facto ...
The name "Chechens" is an exoethnonym that entered the Georgian and Western European ethnonymic tradition through the Russian language in the 18th century. [31] From the middle of the 19th century to the first few years of the Soviet state, some researchers united all Chechens and Ingush under the name "Chechens".
The Durdzuks (Georgian: დურძუკები, romanized: durdzuk'ebi), also known as Dzurdzuks, was a medieval exonym of the 9th-18th centuries used mainly in Georgian, Arabic, but also Armenian sources in reference to the Vainakh peoples (Chechens and Ingush).
To the Chechens, it was introduced by Mamakaev in 1962 and it has been used in Chechen historical studies ever since. It is noted by the Caucasiologist Kharadze in 1968, that Mamakaev is the basis for the Chechen use of tukkhum to make the social structure of the Chechens more complex and interesting, despite the meaning of tukkhum not being ...
The earliest gold artifacts were discovered at the site of Wadi Qana in the Levant. [13] Silver is estimated to have been discovered in Asia Minor shortly after copper and gold. [14] There is evidence that iron was known from before 5000 BC. [15] The oldest known iron objects used by humans are some beads of meteoric iron, made in Egypt in ...