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The GCD is a multiplicative function in the following sense: if a 1 and a 2 are relatively prime, then gcd(a 1 ⋅a 2, b) = gcd(a 1, b)⋅gcd(a 2, b). gcd(a, b) is closely related to the least common multiple lcm(a, b): we have gcd(a, b)⋅lcm(a, b) = | a⋅b |. This formula is often used to compute least common multiples: one first computes ...
The number of steps to calculate the GCD of two natural numbers, a and b, may be denoted by T(a, b). [96] If g is the GCD of a and b, then a = mg and b = ng for two coprime numbers m and n. Then T(a, b) = T(m, n) as may be seen by dividing all the steps in the Euclidean algorithm by g. [97]
As an example, the greatest common divisor of 15 and 69 is 3, and 3 can be written as a combination of 15 and 69 as 3 = 15 × (−9) + 69 × 2, with Bézout coefficients −9 and 2. Many other theorems in elementary number theory, such as Euclid's lemma or the Chinese remainder theorem , result from Bézout's identity.
Lamé's Theorem is the result of Gabriel Lamé's analysis of the complexity of the Euclidean algorithm.Using Fibonacci numbers, he proved in 1844 [1] [2] that when looking for the greatest common divisor (GCD) of two integers a and b, the algorithm finishes in at most 5k steps, where k is the number of digits (decimal) of b.
Gauss's lemma holds more generally over arbitrary unique factorization domains.There the content c(P) of a polynomial P can be defined as the greatest common divisor of the coefficients of P (like the gcd, the content is actually a set of associate elements).
In mathematics, a GCD domain (sometimes called just domain) is an integral domain R with the property that any two elements have a greatest common divisor (GCD); i.e., there is a unique minimal principal ideal containing the ideal generated by two given elements. Equivalently, any two elements of R have a least common multiple (LCM). [1]
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In number theory, two integers a and b are coprime, relatively prime or mutually prime if the only positive integer that is a divisor of both of them is 1. [1] Consequently, any prime number that divides a does not divide b, and vice versa. This is equivalent to their greatest common divisor (GCD) being 1. [2] One says also a is prime to b or a ...