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Historically, the Muslim Middle East was more or less united for many centuries, and slavery was hence reflected in the institution of slavery in the Rashidun Caliphate (632–661) slavery in the Umayyad Caliphate (661–750), slavery in the Abbasid Caliphate (750–1258), slavery in the Mamluk Sultanate (1258–1517) and slavery in the Ottoman ...
Slavery was widespread in the ancient world in Europe, Asia, the Middle East, and Africa. [7] [8] [4] Slavery became less common throughout Europe during the Early Middle Ages but continued to be practiced in some areas. Both Christians and Muslims captured and enslaved each other during centuries of warfare in the Mediterranean and Europe. [9]
According to professor Ibrahima Baba Kaké, there were four main slavery routes to North Africa, from east to west of Africa, from the Maghreb to the Sudan, from Tripolitania to central Sudan and from Egypt to the Middle East. [87] Caravan trails, set up in the 9th century, went past the oasis of the Sahara; travel was difficult and uncomfortable.
Race and Slavery in the Middle East: an Historical Enquiry is a 1990 book written by the British historian Bernard Lewis. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The book details the Islamic history of slavery in the Middle East from its earliest incarnations until its abolition in the various countries of the region.
White slaves where imported from the Black Sea region in the North East from first the Crimean slave trade and later from the Circassian slave trade. The Ottoman Empire issued decrees to restrict and gradually phase out the slave trade between 1830 and 1909, but these laws were not strictly enforced in the Ottoman provinces, such as Palestine ...
While there had been a trade in slaves from Africa to both the Hellenistic world, the Roman Empire and Pre-Islamic Arabia, this was in a relatively small scale; but the massive expansion of slave trade from Africa after the Islamic conquests made Africans the most common ethnicity for a slave, and most Africans Arabs interacted with were slaves ...
Transported upon the slave ship Clotilda. Cuffy (died 1763), was an Akan man who was captured in his native West Africa, taken to work in the plantations of the Dutch colony of Berbice in present-day Guyana, and in 1763 led a revolt of more than 2,500 slaves against the colonial regime. Today, he is a national hero in Guyana. [53]
The main examples of Arabic slave trades are : Trans-Saharan slave trade (between the mid-7th century and the 20th century) Indian Ocean slave trade (between the antiquity and the early 20th-century) Comoros slave trade (from an unknown time until the mid 19th-century) Zanzibar slave trade (from an unknown time until the early 20th-century)