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An arch bridge is a bridge with abutments at each end shaped as a curved arch.Arch bridges work by transferring the weight of the bridge and its loads partially into a horizontal thrust restrained by the abutments at either side, and partially into a vertical load on the arch supports.
The through arch bridge usually consists of two ribs, [5] although there are examples like the Hulme Arch Bridge of through arches with a single rib. When the two arches are built in parallel planes, the structure is a parallel rib arch bridge. When the two arch ribs lean together and shorten the distance between the arches near the top, the ...
The keystone (shown in red) of an arch Dropped keystone at Colditz Castle. A keystone (or capstone) is the wedge-shaped stone at the apex of a masonry arch or typically round-shaped one at the apex of a vault. In both cases it is the final piece placed during construction and locks all the stones into position, allowing the arch or vault to ...
The network arch type, with multiple crossings, i.e. overlap in the horizontal axis, was developed by Per Tveit to avoid this. [3] Lohse bridges have a tie conversely curved to the arch. The bridge deck is supported by a third structural element hanging underneath.
An example is the Fremont Bridge in Portland, Oregon which is the second-longest tied-arch bridge in the world and also classifies as a through arch bridge. The Chaotianmen Bridge in Chongqing is a tied-arch, through arch and a truss arch bridge. Contrarily, the Hart Bridge uses a cantilevered trussed arch, it is self-anchored, but its arch is ...
A fixed arch bridge, that is one without hinges, exerts a bending moment at the abutments and stresses caused by change of temperature or shrinkage of concrete have to be taken up by the arch. A two-hinged arch has a hinge at the base of each arch (the springing point), while a three-hinged arch has a third hinge at the crown of the arch. [3]
Rossgraben bridge (Rüeggisberg) near Bern, Switzerland, showing the hinge at mid-span of this three-hinged arch. The practical arch bridges are built either as a fixed arch, a two-hinged arch, or a three-hinged arch. [103] The fixed arch is most often used in reinforced concrete bridges and tunnels, which have short spans.
The largest cantilever bridge is the 549-metre (1,801 ft) Quebec Bridge in Quebec, Canada. Arch bridge: Arch bridges have abutments at each end. The weight of the bridge is thrust into the abutments at either side. The earliest known arch bridges were built by the Greeks, and include the Arkadiko Bridge.