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  2. Punctuated equilibrium - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punctuated_equilibrium

    However, the punctuational equilibrium model may still be inferred from both the observation of stasis and examples of rapid and episodic speciation events documented in the fossil record. [70] Dawkins also emphasizes that punctuated equilibrium has been "oversold by some journalists", [71] but partly due to Eldredge and Gould's "later writings ...

  3. Niles Eldredge - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niles_Eldredge

    Eldredge and Stephen Jay Gould proposed punctuated equilibria in 1972. Punctuated equilibrium is a refinement to evolutionary theory. It describes patterns of descent taking place in "fits and starts" separated by long periods of stability. Eldredge went on to develop a hierarchical vision of evolutionary and ecological systems. Around this ...

  4. Bak–Sneppen model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bak–Sneppen_model

    The Bak–Sneppen model is a simple model of co-evolution between interacting species. It was developed to show how self-organized criticality may explain key features of the fossil record, such as the distribution of sizes of extinction events and the phenomenon of punctuated equilibrium. It is named after Per Bak and Kim Sneppen.

  5. Stephen Jay Gould - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Jay_Gould

    Gould's most significant contribution to evolutionary biology was the theory of punctuated equilibrium [2] developed with Niles Eldredge in 1972. [3] The theory proposes that most evolution is characterized by long periods of evolutionary stability, infrequently punctuated by swift periods of branching speciation.

  6. Critical juncture theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critical_juncture_theory

    Gould's initial work on punctuated equilibrium was coauthored with Niles Eldredge. [20] Gould's model of punctuated equilibrium drew attention to episodic bursts of evolutionary change followed by periods of morphological stability. He challenged the conventional model of gradual, continuous change - called phyletic gradualism. [21]

  7. Extended evolutionary synthesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extended_evolutionary...

    For example, Denis Noble says that using terms and categories of the modern synthesis distorts the picture of biology that modern experimentation has discovered. [91] Proponents therefore claim that the extended synthesis is necessary to help expand the conceptions and framework of how evolution is considered throughout the biological disciplines.

  8. Punctuated gradualism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punctuated_gradualism

    Punctuated gradualism is considered to be a variation of these models, lying somewhere in between the phyletic gradualism model and the punctuated equilibrium model. It states that speciation is not needed for a lineage to rapidly evolve from one equilibrium to another but may show rapid transitions between long-stable states.

  9. List of types of equilibrium - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_types_of_equilibrium

    Competitive equilibrium, economic equilibrium when all buyers and sellers are small relative to the market; Economic equilibrium, a condition in economics; Equilibrium price, the price at which quantity supplied equals quantity demanded; General equilibrium theory, a branch of theoretical microeconomics that studies multiple individual markets