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[8] [9] Hashimoto's thyroiditis is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in countries with sufficient dietary iodine. [3] Less common causes include previous treatment with radioactive iodine, injury to the hypothalamus or the anterior pituitary gland, certain medications, a lack of a functioning thyroid at birth, or previous thyroid surgery.
SSSS is a clinical diagnosis. This is sometimes confirmed by isolation of S. aureus from blood, mucous membranes, or skin biopsy; however, these are often negative. Skin biopsy may show separation of the superficial layer of the epidermis (intraepidermal separation), differentiating SSSS from TEN, wherein the separation occurs at the dermo-epidermal junction (subepidermal separation).
Silicosis is a form of occupational lung disease caused by inhalation of crystalline silica dust. It is marked by inflammation and scarring in the form of nodular lesions in the upper lobes of the lungs.
Jaundice, also known as icterus, is a yellowish or greenish pigmentation of the skin and sclera due to high bilirubin levels. [3] [6] Jaundice in adults is typically a sign indicating the presence of underlying diseases involving abnormal heme metabolism, liver dysfunction, or biliary-tract obstruction. [7]
Hives, also known as urticaria, is a kind of skin rash with red, raised, itchy bumps. [1] Hives may burn or sting. [2] The patches of rash may appear on different body parts, [2] with variable duration from minutes to days, and does not leave any long-lasting skin change. [2]
There are other methods to increase nanoparticle penetration by skin damage: tape stripping is the process in which tape is applied to skin then lifted to remove the top layer of skin; skin abrasion is done by shaving the top 5–10 μm off the surface of the skin; chemical enhancement applies chemicals such as polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP ...
A case of hidradenitis suppurativa Hidradenitis suppurativa can take the form of growths on the skin that are extremely painful and debilitating.. Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), sometimes known as acne inversa or Verneuil's disease, is a long-term dermatological condition characterized by the occurrence of inflamed and swollen lumps.
The Antonine Plague of 165–180 AD has been speculated to have been measles, but the actual cause of this plague is unknown and smallpox is a more likely cause. [165] The first systematic description of measles, and its distinction from smallpox and chickenpox , is credited to the Persian physician Muhammad ibn Zakariya al-Razi (860–932 ...