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Viruses accepted to cause human cancers include some genotypes of human papillomavirus, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, Epstein–Barr virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus and human T-lymphotropic virus. The most recently discovered human cancer virus is a polyomavirus (Merkel cell polyomavirus) that causes most cases of a rare ...
A virus is a tiny infectious agent that reproduces inside the cells of living hosts. When infected, the host cell is forced to rapidly produce thousands of identical copies of the original virus. Unlike most living things, viruses do not have cells that divide; new viruses assemble in the infected host cell. But unlike simpler infectious agents ...
The Hepatitis D virus has not yet been assigned to a family, but is clearly distinct from the other families infecting humans. Viruses known to infect humans that have not been associated with disease: the family Anelloviridae and the genus Dependovirus. Both of these taxa are non-enveloped single-stranded DNA viruses.
Microbiomes. The human virome is the total collection of viruses in and on the human body. [ 1][ 2][ 3] Viruses in the human body may infect both human cells and other microbes such as bacteria (as with bacteriophages ). [ 4] Some viruses cause disease, while others may be asymptomatic. Certain viruses are also integrated into the human genome ...
The earliest reports of a coronavirus infection in animals occurred in the late 1920s, when an acute respiratory infection of domesticated chickens emerged in North America. [15] Arthur Schalk and M.C. Hawn in 1931 made the first detailed report which described a new respiratory infection of chickens in North Dakota.
Classic explanations include yellow fever, bubonic plague, influenza, smallpox, chickenpox, typhus, and syndemic infection of hepatitis B and hepatitis D. 1,143,000–3,429,000 (estimated 30–90% of population) [ 68][ 69] 1629–1631 Italian plague (part of the second plague pandemic ) 1629–1631. Italy. Bubonic plague.
The first human virus to be identified was the yellow fever virus. In 1881, Carlos Finlay (1833–1915), a Cuban physician, first conducted and published research that indicated that mosquitoes were carrying the cause of yellow fever, [7] a theory proved in 1900 by commission headed by Walter Reed (1851–1902).
Herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 ( HSV-1 and HSV-2 ), also known by their taxonomic names Human alphaherpesvirus 1 and Human alphaherpesvirus 2, are two members of the human Herpesviridae family, a set of viruses that produce viral infections in the majority of humans. [1] [2] Both HSV-1 and HSV-2 are very common and contagious.