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2. Refractometer - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refractometer

   The refractometer is used to help identify gem materials by measuring their refractive index, one of the principal properties used in determining the type of a gemstone. Due to the dependence of the refractive index on the wavelength of the light used ( i.e. dispersion ), the measurement is normally taken at the wavelength of the sodium line D ...

3. List of refractive indices - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_refractive_indices

   List of refractive indices. Refraction at interface. Many materials have a well-characterized refractive index, but these indices often depend strongly upon the frequency of light, causing optical dispersion. Standard refractive index measurements are taken at the "yellow doublet" sodium D line, with a wavelength (λ) of 589 nanometers .

4. Refractometry - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refractometry

   Refractometry is the analytical method of measuring substances' refractive index (one of their fundamental physical properties) in order to, for instance, assess their composition or purity. A refractometer is the instrument used to measure refractive index ("RI"). Although refractometers are best known for measuring liquids, they are also used ...

5. Salinometer - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salinometer

   Salinometer. A salinometer is a device designed to measure the salinity, or dissolved salt content, of a solution . Since the salinity affects both the electrical conductivity and the specific gravity of a solution, a salinometer often consist of an ec meter or hydrometer and some means of converting those readings to a salinity reading. A ...

6. Abbe refractometer - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbe_refractometer

   Ernst Abbe(1840–1905), working for Carl Zeiss AGin Jena, Germany in the late 19th century, was the first to develop a laboratory refractometer. These first instruments had built-in thermometers and required circulating water to control instrument and fluid temperatures. They also had adjustments for eliminating the effects of dispersionand ...

7. Category:Refractometers - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Refractometers

   Traditional handheld refractometer. Categories: Optical devices. Measuring instruments. Hidden category: Commons category link is on Wikidata.