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IDDM11. Insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a genetic heterogenouse autoimmune disorder, which is triggered by genetic predisposition and environmental factors. [1] The prevalence of insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) among children and young adult from Europe is approximately 0.4%. [2]
Permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus ( PNDM) is a newly identified and potentially treatable form of monogenic diabetes. This type of neonatal diabetes is caused by activating mutations of the KCNJ11 gene, which codes for the Kir6.2 subunit of the beta cell K ATP channel. [ 1][ 2] This disease is considered to be a type of maturity onset ...
Specialty. Endocrinology. Maturity-onset diabetes of the young ( MODY) refers to any of several hereditary forms of diabetes mellitus caused by mutations in an autosomal dominant gene disrupting insulin production. [ 1] Along with neonatal diabetes, MODY is a form of the conditions known as monogenic diabetes.
Neonatal diabetes. Neonatal diabetes mellitus ( NDM) is a disease that affects an infant and their body's ability to produce or use insulin. NDM is a kind of diabetes that is monogenic (regulated by a single gene) and arises in the first 6 months of life. Infants do not produce enough insulin, leading to an increase in glucose accumulation.
Endocrinology. Complications of diabetes are secondary diseases that are a result of elevated blood glucose levels that occur in diabetic patients. These complications can be divided into two types: acute and chronic. Acute complications are complications that develop rapidly and can be exemplified as diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), hyperglycemic ...
Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a disorder of the heart muscle in people with diabetes. It can lead to inability of the heart to circulate blood through the body effectively, a state known as heart failure (HF), [ 2] with accumulation of fluid in the lungs ( pulmonary edema) or legs ( peripheral edema ). Most heart failure in people with diabetes ...
Slowly evolving immune-mediated diabetes, or latent autoimmune diabetes in adults ( LADA ), is a form of diabetes that exhibits clinical features similar to both type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D), [ 3][ 4] and is sometimes referred to as type 1.5 diabetes. [ 5] It is an autoimmune form of diabetes, similar to T1D, but patients ...
Frequency. 4–25% of people with type 1 diabetes per year [ 1][ 5] Diabetic ketoacidosis ( DKA) is a potentially life-threatening complication of diabetes mellitus. [ 1] Signs and symptoms may include vomiting, abdominal pain, deep gasping breathing, increased urination, weakness, confusion and occasionally loss of consciousness. [ 1]