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Specialty. Neurology. Congenital fourth nerve palsy is a condition present at birth characterized by a vertical misalignment of the eyes due to a weakness or paralysis of the superior oblique muscle. Other names for fourth nerve palsy include superior oblique palsy and trochlear nerve palsy. [1] When looking to the right/left the nerve/muscle ...
Ocular myasthenia gravis (MG) is a disease of the neuromuscular junction resulting in hallmark variability in muscle weakness and fatigability. MG is an autoimmune disease where anomalous antibodies are produced against the naturally occurring acetylcholine receptors in voluntary muscles. MG may be limited to the muscles of the eye (ocular MG ...
Myasthenia gravis ( MG) is a long-term neuromuscular junction disease that leads to varying degrees of skeletal muscle weakness. [ 1] The most commonly affected muscles are those of the eyes, face, and swallowing. [ 1][ 5] It can result in double vision, drooping eyelids, and difficulties in talking and walking. [ 1]
Sixth nerve palsy, or abducens nerve palsy, is a disorder associated with dysfunction of cranial nerveVI (the abducens nerve), which is responsible for causing contraction of the lateral rectus muscleto abduct(i.e., turn out) the eye.[1] The inability of an eye to turn outward, results in a convergent strabismusor esotropiaof which the primary ...
Muscle weakness. Hypotonia is a state of low muscle tone [ 1] (the amount of tension or resistance to stretch in a muscle), often involving reduced muscle strength. Hypotonia is not a specific medical disorder, but a potential manifestation of many different diseases and disorders that affect motor nerve control by the brain or muscle strength.
Oculomotor nerve palsy or oculomotor neuropathy [1] is an eye condition resulting from damage to the third cranial nerve or a branch thereof. As the name suggests, the oculomotor nerve supplies the majority of the muscles controlling eye movements (four of the six extraocular muscles, excluding only the lateral rectus and superior oblique).
CMD with brain-eye, also called muscle-eye-brain disease, [19] is a rare form of congenital muscular dystrophy (autosomal recessive disorder) causing a lack of normal muscle tone which can delay walking due to being weak, also paralysis of eye muscles and intellectual disability which affects an individual's way of processing information. [19]
Muscle–eye–brain (MEB) disease, also known as muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy congenital with brain and eye anomalies A3 (MDDGA3), [2] is a kind of rare congenital muscular dystrophy (CMD), largely characterized by hypotonia at birth. Patients have muscular dystrophy, central nervous system abnormalities and ocular abnormalities.