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The diagnosis of schizophrenia, a psychotic disorder, is based on criteria in either the American Psychiatric Association 's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, or the World Health Organization 's International Classification of Diseases (ICD). [1] Clinical assessment of schizophrenia is carried out by a mental health ...
Schizophrenia is a mental disorder [ 17][ 7] characterized by hallucinations (typically hearing voices ), delusions, disorganized thinking and behavior, [ 10] and flat or inappropriate affect. [ 7] Symptoms develop gradually and typically begin during young adulthood and are never resolved. [ 3][ 10] There is no objective diagnostic test ...
The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale ( PANSS) is a medical scale used for measuring symptom severity of patients with schizophrenia. It was published in 1987 by Stanley Kay, Lewis Opler, and Abraham Fiszbein. It is widely used in the study of antipsychotic therapy. The scale is the "gold standard" for evaluating the effects of ...
The Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) is a rating scale that mental health professionals use to measure negative symptoms in schizophrenia. Negative symptoms are those conspicuous by their absence—lack of concern for one's appearance, and lack of language and communication skills, for example. Nancy Andreasen developed the ...
Schizophreniform disorder is a type of mental illness that is characterized by psychosis and closely related to schizophrenia.Both schizophrenia and schizophreniform disorder, as defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR), have the same symptoms and essential features except for two differences: the level of functional impairment and the duration of symptoms.
The prognosis of schizophrenia is varied at the individual level. In general it has great human and economics costs. [ 1] It results in a decreased life expectancy of 12–15 years primarily due to its association with obesity, little exercise, and smoking, while an increased rate of suicide plays a lesser role. [ 1]
Schizophrenia is diagnosed 1.4 times more frequently in males than females, and typically appears earlier in men [ 7] —the peak ages of onset are 20–28 years for males and 26–32 years for females. [ 9] Onset in childhood, before the age of 13 can sometimes occur. [ 10][ 11] A later onset can occur between the ages of 40 and 60, known as ...
Within psychological testing, the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms ( SAPS) is a rating scale to measure positive symptoms in schizophrenia. The scale was developed by Nancy Andreasen and was first published in 1984. [1] SAPS is split into 4 domains, and within each domain separate symptoms are rated from 0 (absent) to 5 (severe).
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