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Neuromuscular disease. A neuromuscular disease is any disease affecting the peripheral nervous system (PNS), [a] the neuromuscular junctions, or skeletal muscles, all of which are components of the motor unit. [4] Damage to any of these structures can cause muscle atrophy and weakness. Issues with sensation can also occur.
trigeminal sensory neuropathy. numb chin syndrome. numb cheek syndrome. herpes simplex virus infection. facial nerve. bell's palsy. bilateral facial palsy. congenital (trauma, Mobius syndrome, cardiofacial syndrome) glossopharyngeal nerve.
ALS is the most common motor neuron disease in adults and the third most common neurodegenerative disease [61] after Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. [119] Worldwide the number of people who develop ALS yearly is estimated to be 1.9 people per 100,000 per year, while the number of people who have ALS at any given time is estimated ...
Muscular dystrophies ( MD) are a genetically and clinically heterogeneous group of rare neuromuscular diseases that cause progressive weakness and breakdown of skeletal muscles over time. [ 1] The disorders differ as to which muscles are primarily affected, the degree of weakness, how fast they worsen, and when symptoms begin. [ 1]
Myasthenia gravis ( MG) is a long-term neuromuscular junction disease that leads to varying degrees of skeletal muscle weakness. [ 1] The most commonly affected muscles are those of the eyes, face, and swallowing. [ 1][ 5] It can result in double vision, drooping eyelids, and difficulties in talking and walking. [ 1]
The neuromuscular junction is a specialized synapse between a neuron and the muscle it innervates. It allows efferent signals from the nervous system to contract muscle fibers causing them to contract. In vertebrates, the neuromuscular junction is always excitatory, therefore to stop contraction of the muscle, inhibition must occur at the level ...
Motor neuron diseases or motor neurone diseases ( MNDs) are a group of rare neurodegenerative disorders that selectively affect motor neurons, the cells which control voluntary muscles of the body. [ 1][ 2] They include amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), [ 3][ 4] progressive bulbar palsy (PBP), pseudobulbar palsy, progressive muscular atrophy ...
Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy ( SBMA ), popularly known as Kennedy's disease, is a rare, adult-onset, X-linked recessive lower motor neuron disease caused by trinucleotide CAG repeat expansions in exon 1 of the androgen receptor (AR) gene, which results in both loss of AR function and toxic gain of function. [ 2][ 3] In men, the disease ...