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Computed tomography of the abdomen and pelvis, performed as a contrast CT, here presented as a volume rendering, specifying the scan range and field of view (FOV). It shows normal anatomy, with no injuries. The subject is a 21 year old male who had blunt trauma to the upper abdomen during motocross.
Pneumoperitoneum (or peritoneal emphysema), air or gas in the abdominal cavity. The most common cause is a perforated abdominal viscus, generally a perforated peptic ulcer, although any part of the bowel may perforate from a benign ulcer, tumor or abdominal trauma. Pneumatosis intestinalis, air or gas cysts in the bowel wall
Pneumoperitoneum is pneumatosis (abnormal presence of air or other gas) in the peritoneal cavity, a potential space within the abdominal cavity. The most common cause is a perforated abdominal organ , generally from a perforated peptic ulcer , although any part of the bowel may perforate from a benign ulcer, tumor or abdominal trauma .
The cupola sign is seen on a supine chest or abdominal radiograph in the presence of pneumoperitoneum. It refers to dependent air that rises within the abdominal cavity of the supine patient to accumulate underneath the central tendon of the diaphragm in the midline. It is seen as lucency overlying the lower thoracic vertebral bodies.
Computed tomography of the abdomen and pelvis, performed as a contrast CT, here presented in the sagittal, en:Coronal planecoronal and axial plane, with 3 mm slice thickness. It shows normal anatomy, with no injuries. The subject is a 21 year old male who had blunt trauma to the upper abdomen during motocross.
Abdominal imaging is associated with many potential uses for the different phases of contrast CT.The majority of abdominal and pelvic CT's can be performed using a single-phase, but the evaluation of some tumor types (hepatic/pancreatic/renal), the urinary collecting system, and trauma patients among others, may be best performed with multiple phases.
Coronal reformatted MDCT image showing extensive pneumatosis intestinalis in the left upper quadrant small bowel. The pneumatosis is more cystic and nodular in the small bowel in the midline and the right of midline. This patient had a relatively benign presentation without bowel ischemia and was treated conservatively.
While x-ray is a fast and inexpensive to screen for perforation, an abdominal CT scan with contrast is more sensitive and specific for establishing a diagnosis as well as determining the underlying cause. [19] Both CT and x-ray may initially appear normal, in which case diagnosis can be made by open or laparoscopic exploration of the abdomen.