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Acantholysis is the loss of intercellular connections, such as desmosomes, resulting in loss of cohesion between keratinocytes, [1] seen in diseases such as pemphigus vulgaris. [2] It is absent in bullous pemphigoid , making it useful for differential diagnosis .
Grover's disease (GD) is a polymorphic, pruritic, papulovesicular dermatosis characterized histologically by acantholysis [2]: 529 with or without dyskeratosis. [3] Once confirmed, most cases of Grover's disease last six to twelve months, which is why it was originally called "transient". However it may last much longer.
No acanthosis or parakeratosis. Typical findings: [2] Mild to moderate spongiosis and exocytosis of inflammatory cells; Irregular acanthosis and parakeratosis. Superficial dermal perivascular lymphohistiocytic infiltrate; Swelling of endothelial cells; Papillary dermal edema are present; Typical findings: [2] The spongiosis is mild to absent
It is sometimes also called the chickenpox skin test and the herpes skin test. It is a simple, low-cost, and rapid office based test. [1] Tzanck cells (acantholytic cells) are found in: Herpes simplex [2] Varicella and herpes zoster; Pemphigus vulgaris; Cytomegalovirus; Arnault Tzanck did the first cytological examinations in order to diagnose ...
In the skin, this process leads to the abnormal replacement of annular squames with nucleated cells. Parakeratosis is associated with the thinning or loss of the granular layer and is usually seen in diseases of increased cell turnover, whether inflammatory or neoplastic. Parakeratosis is seen in the plaques of psoriasis and in dandruff.
Acanthosis nigricans is a black, poorly defined, velvety hyperpigmented acanthosis, usually observed in the back of neck, axilla, and other folded regions of the skin. Focal epithelial hyperplasia (Heck's disease) is an asymptomatic, benign neoplastic condition characterized by multiple white to pinkish papules that occur diffusely in the oral ...
The histological picture involves thinner, weaker attachments of the skin lesion itself to the normal skin – resulting in easier dislodgement. The formation of new blisters upon slight pressure (direct Nikolsky) and shearing of the skin due to rubbing (indirect Nikolsky) is a sign of pemphigus vulgaris, albeit not a 100% reliable diagnosis. [ 8 ]
Perinuclear vacuolization of epidermal keratinocytes (one indicated by arrows), in this case an insignificant incidental finding. Subnuclear vacuolization in palisading cell - vacuoles at the basement membrane aspect, resembling a brighter stripe in the periphery of palisades.